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The maternal genetic make-up of the Iberian Peninsula between the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age

2017; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 7; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41598-017-15480-9

2045-2322

Anna Szécsényi‐Nagy, Christina Roth, Guido Brandt, Cristina Rihuete Herrada, Cristina Tejedor Rodríguez, Petra Held, Íñigo García-Martínez de Lagrán, Héctor Arcusa Magallón, Stephanie Zesch, Corina Knipper, Eszter Bánffy, Susanne Friederich, Harald Meller, Primitiva Bueno Ramírez, Rosa María Barroso Bermejo, Rodrigo de Balbín Behrmann, Ana Mercedes Herrero Corral, Raúl Flores Fernández, Carmen Alonso Fernández, Javier Jiménez Echevarría, Laura Rindlisbacher, Camila Oliart Caravatti, María-Inés Fregeiro, Ignacio Soriano, Oriol Vicente Campos, Rafael Micó Pérez, Vicente Lull, Jorge Soler Díaz, Juan Antonio López Padilla, Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz, Mauro S. Hernández Pérez, Francisco Javier Jover Maestre, Joaquín Lomba Maurandi, Azucena Avilés Fernández, Katina T. Lillios, Ana María Silva, Miguel M. Ramalho, Luíz Oosterbeek, Cláudia Cunha, A.J. Waterman, Jordi Roig Buxó, Andrés Martínez, Juana Ponce Martínez, Marcos Andrés Hunt Ortiz, Juan Carlos Mejías García, Juan Carlos Pecero Espín, Rosario Cruz-Auñón Briones, Tiago Tomé, Eduardo Carmona Ballestero, João Luís Cardoso, Ana Cristina Araújo, Corina Liesau von Lettow‐Vorbeck, Concepción Blasco Bosqued, Patricia Ríos Mendoza, A Pujante, José I. Royo-Guillén, Marco Aurelio Esquembre Beviá, Victor Manuel Dos Santos Goncalves, Rui Parreira, Elena Morán Hernández, Elena Méndez Izquierdo, Jorge Vega y Miguel, Roberto Menduiña García, Victoria Martínez Calvo, Óscar López Jiménez, Johannes Krause, Sandra Pichler, Rafael Garrido Peña, Michael Kunst, Roberto Risch, Manuel Ángel Rojo Guerra, Wolfgang Haak, Kurt W. Alt,

Archaeology and ancient environmental studies

Abstract Agriculture first reached the Iberian Peninsula around 5700 BCE. However, little is known about the genetic structure and changes of prehistoric populations in different geographic areas of Iberia. In our study, we focus on the maternal genetic makeup of the Neolithic (~ 5500–3000 BCE), Chalcolithic (~ 3000–2200 BCE) and Early Bronze Age (~ 2200–1500 BCE). We report ancient mitochondrial DNA results of 213 individuals (151 HVS-I sequences) from the northeast, central, southeast and southwest regions and thus on the largest archaeogenetic dataset from the Peninsula to date. Similar to other parts of Europe, we observe a discontinuity between hunter-gatherers and the first farmers of the Neolithic. During the subsequent periods, we detect regional continuity of Early Neolithic lineages across Iberia, however the genetic contribution of hunter-gatherers is generally higher than in other parts of Europe and varies regionally. In contrast to ancient DNA findings from Central Europe, we do not observe a major turnover in the mtDNA record of the Iberian Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, suggesting that the population history of the Iberian Peninsula is distinct in character.