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A framework to introduce urban flood resilience into the design of flood control alternatives

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 576; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.06.063

1879-2707

Osvaldo Moura Rezende, Anna Beatriz Ribeiro da Cruz de Franco, Antonio Krishnamurti Beleño de Oliveira, Ana Caroline Pitzer Jacob, Marcelo Gomes Miguez,

Hydrology and Drought Analysis

Urban flooding is still frequently treated as a direct consequence of excess rainfall, without considering the watershed as an interdependent system connected with the development of its territory. The traditional flood control approach implies in continuous corrective interventions, usually of local character, and resulting from post-events responses. This process requires increasingly large investments to implement (or retrofit) structures capable to accommodate the runoff generated by new urbanized areas. These efforts have not prevented floods from continuing to cause high damages worldwide. Thus, there is a need to change stormwater management strategies, shifting to a risk management approach, not only considering cost-benefit analysis, but also internalizing the residual risk accounting for inherent uncertainties, such as climate change and fast and uncontrolled urban growth. This paper proposes a multi-criteria index, the Urban Flood Resilience index-UFRI, to measure quantitatively urban resilience to floods, supported by a hydrodynamic mathematical model and socio-economic indicators, resulting in spatialized maps as a communicating tool. A case study of an urban watershed in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil is used to demonstrate UFRI potential.