First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe corylacearum on Hazelnuts in Georgia
2019; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 103; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-05-19-1053-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresGalina Meparishvili, Lior Gur, Omer Frenkel, L. Gorgiladze, Soso Meparishvili, Maka Muradashvili, Liana Koiava, Rusudan Dumbadze, M. Reuveni, Rezo Jabnidze,
Tópico(s)Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 11First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe corylacearum on Hazelnuts in Georgia PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe corylacearum on Hazelnuts in GeorgiaG. Meparishvili, L. Gur, O. Frenkel, L. Gorgiladze, S. Meparishvili, M. Muradashvili, L. Koiava, R. Dumbadze, M. Reuveni, and R. JabnidzeG. Meparishvili†Corresponding author: G. Meparishvili; E-mail Address: galina.meparishvili@bsu.edu.geDepartment of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author, L. GurShamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, Katzrin 12900, IsraelSearch for more papers by this author, O. Frenkelhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-7244Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezyion, IsraelSearch for more papers by this author, L. GorgiladzeDepartment of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author, S. MeparishviliDepartment of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author, M. MuradashviliDepartment of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author, L. KoiavaDepartment of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author, R. DumbadzeDepartment of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this author, M. ReuveniShamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, Katzrin 12900, IsraelSearch for more papers by this author, and R. JabnidzeFaculty of Technologies, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, 6010, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations G. Meparishvili1 † L. Gur2 O. Frenkel3 L. Gorgiladze1 S. Meparishvili1 M. Muradashvili1 L. Koiava1 R. Dumbadze1 M. Reuveni2 R. Jabnidze4 1Department of Plant Diseases Monitoring, Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Phytopathology and Biodiversity, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Kobuleti, 6200, Georgia 2Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, Katzrin 12900, Israel 3Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezyion, Israel 4Faculty of Technologies, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, 6010, Georgia Published Online:18 Sep 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1053-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Hazelnuts (Corylus avellana) are widely grown in the Republic of Georgia and considered a major agricultural export product (Gürcan et al. 2010). Powdery mildew in hazelnut trees is a major disease that causes significant yield loss (Sezer et al. 2017). Until recently, Phyllactinia guttata was considered the main causal agent in the neighboring countries of Western Asia and the Caucasus (Abasova et al. 2018; Arzanlou et al. 2018). However, in the last 3 years a new destructive species, Erysiphe corylacearum, has been identified as a pathogen of powdery mildew on hazelnut in the neighboring countries of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Turkey (Abasova et al. 2018; Arzanlou et al. 2018; Sezer et al. 2017). During May and July 2018, powdery mildew symptoms were observed in hazelnut plantations of the cultivar Anakliuri in Adjara region (western Georgia). Symptoms were observed on the upper leaf surface and fruit clusters including husks. Disease incidence reached 100%, and severity ranged between 10 and 70%. On heavily affected leaves, necrotic lesions were observed 9 to 13 days after the first symptoms appeared, followed by leaf curling and defoliation. Morphological characterization of leaf and husk samples showed the following characters: hyphal appressoria (n = 30) were lobed, solitary, 1 to 4 μm in diameter; mycelium was amphigenous, hyaline, branched, septate 1.8 to 5.3 μm wide; conidiophores (n = 35) vertically elevated above the mycelium 53 to 82 μm long and 5 to 12 μm wide; produced solitary conidia (n = 50) on conidiophores, hyaline, ellipsoid to ovoid, 24 to 36 μm long, 14 to 24 μm wide. Chasmothecia appeared in early October. They were spherical, single or in groups, 73 to 104 μm in diameter, appendages six to 15 straight, 72 to 101 μm long, four to five times dichotomous branched, aseptate or one with a septum at the base. In each chasmothecium, there were three to five asci (n = 50) with a width of 38 to 53 μm and a length of 26 to 38 μm of oval-ellipsoid shape. Asci contained four to eight ascospores (n = 50), 18 to 25 μm long and 8 to 12 μm wide. Pathogenicity testing was conducted according to Koсh’s postulates. Two-year-old plants of C. avellana, cultivar Anakliuri, were artificially infected by dusting conidia from infected leaves (n = 25). Inoculated plants were incubated under 20 to 28°C and 70 to 80% humidity. Typical symptoms (fluffy white bloom) appeared on the upper surface of the leaves within 8 to 10 days after inoculation. No symptoms were found on control plants treated with sterile water. The fungus isolated from the inoculated leaves (n = 25) was morphologically identical to the original isolates from natural diseased plants (n = 10). DNA was extracted, and the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region of four isolates was amplified using primers ITS1 and ITS4 and sequenced. BLAST analysis of our 593-bp fragments (all identical and represented by GenBank accession no. MK157199) showed 99% identity to ITS rDNA sequences of E. corylacearum from Azerbaijan (LC270863) and Turkey (KY082910) and only 83% similarity to P. guttata (accession no. AB080558).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Abasova, L. V., et al. 2018. Curr. Res. Environ. Appl. Mycol. 8:30. https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/8/1/3 Crossref, Google ScholarArzanlou, M., et al. 2018. For. Pathol. 48:e12450. https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12450 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarGürcan, K., et al. 2010. Plant Breed. 129:422. Google ScholarSezer, A. F., et al. 2017. Phytoparasitica 45:577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-017-0610-1 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 11 November 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionAdvanced symptoms of bacterial blotch disease on mushroom caps (Osdaghi et al.). Photo credit: C. Bull. Powdery mildew caused by Golovinomyces neosalviae on Salvia fruticosa (Soylu et al.). Photo credit: S. Soylu. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 4 Nov 2019Published: 18 Sep 2019First Look: 15 Jul 2019Accepted: 10 Jul 2019 Page: 2952 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfungitreestree nutsyield loss and economic impactsinvasive pathogenThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byFirst Report of Erysiphe corylacearum Causing Powdery Mildew on Hazelnut in HungaryKlementina Kalmár, Francesco Desiderio, and Virág Varjas10 February 2023 | Plant Disease, Vol. 107, No. 2First Report of Erysiphe corylacearum, Agent of Powdery Mildew, on Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) in RomaniaM. Rosati, M. Bogoescu, and D. 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