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Variables predictoras de la dependencia al entrenamiento en corredores de fondo en ruta españoles y mexicanos

2019; Asociación Canaria de Psicología del Deporte; Volume: 14; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Espanhol

1886-8576

Francisco Ruiz Juan, Antonio Zarauz Sancho, José Carlos Jaenes Sánchez, Félix Arbinaga Ibarzábal, Gabriel Flores Allende,

Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports

espanolEl analisis de la dependencia al ejercicio cobra especial relevancia en los ultimos anos debido al incremento de poblacion que se ha iniciado en la practica de ejercicio y por las consecuencias que se derivan de la misma. Por ello se hace especialmente necesario definir y concretar que variables o constructos pueden ser utiles para su prediccion. Participaron 1795 corredores de fondo en ruta (1105 espanoles, 690 mexicanos). De ellos, el 85.65% fueron hombres con una edad de M = 38.98 (DT = 10.45), y el 14.35% mujeres, con una edad M = 37.88 (DT = 9.80). La recogida de datos se llevo a cabo mediante las adaptaciones al espanol de las Motivations of Marathoners Scales-34 (MOMS-34), la Commitment to Running Scale-11 (CR-11), el Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R), Running Addiction Scale (RAS-8) y el Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ). Se ha obtenido que los mexicanos, frente al grupo de espanoles, alcanzaron mayores puntuaciones en todas las subescalas del MOMS-34, CR-11, POSQ y en la subescala Autoconfianza del CSAI-2R; pero menor puntuacion en Ansiedad somatica, no habiendo diferencias significativas en Ansiedad cognitiva. Por ultimo, los modelos predictores resultaron muy similares en ambas nacionalidades, pero diferenciados por sexos, obteniendose altas varianzas explicativas. EnglishThe analysis of the dependence people have towards exercise has been specially relevant over the past years, due to the increase of the population that has begun practicing exercise and the severe consequences that come from practicing it. This is why it's primarily necessary to define and determine which variables or constructs can be useful in order to predict the dependence towards exercise. 1795 long distance runners en route participated (1105 Spanish runners and 690 Mexican runners). 85.65% of these runners were men with an average age of 38.98 (SD = 10.45), and 14.35% of these runners were women, with an average age of 37.88 (SD = 9.80). The data collection was accomplished thanks to the adaption to Spanish of the Motivations of Marathoners Scales (MOMS-34), the Commitment to Running Scale-11 (CR-11) the Revised Competitive State of Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R), the Running Addiction Scale (RAS-8) and the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ). This data collection has shown that the Mexicans, in comparison to the group of Spanish runners, got a higher score in every sub-scale of MOMS-34, CR-11, POSQ Scales and in the Self-confidence sub-scale of the CSAI- 2R Scale. But a lower score in Somatic Anxiety, however the score hasn't shown much difference in the Cognitive Anxiety sub-scale. The indicator models turned out to be very similar in both nationalities, but differed regarding genders, obtaining high explanatory variance rates. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] portuguesa analise da dependencia do exercicio fisico tem adquirido uma especial relevância nos ultimos anos, em particular devido ao aumento da populacao que se tem iniciado na pratica desportiva e pelas graves consequencias que derivam da mesma. Por isso torna-se necessario definir e identificar quais as variaveis ou constructos que podem ser uteis na sua predicao. Participaram 1795 atletas de fundo de corridas de estrada (1105 espanhois, 690 mexicanos). Destes, 85.65% eram do genero masculino com idade media de M = 38.98 (DT = 10.45), e 14.35% do genero feminino, com media de idade M = 37.88 (DT = 9.80). A recolha dos dados operouse atraves a aplicacao, adaptado ao Spanhol da Motivations of Marathoners Scales-34 (MOMS-34), da Commitment to Running Scale-11 (CR-11), do Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R), Running Addiction Scale (RAS- 8) e do Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ). Verificou-se que os mexicanos, quando comparados com o grupo espanhol, alcancaram maiores pontuacoes em todas as subescalas do MOMS-34, CR-11, POSQ e na subescala Autoconfianca do CSAI-2R; contudo, obtiveram score inferior na Ansiedade somatica, nao havendo diferencas significativas na Ansiedade cognitiva. Por ultimo, os modelos preditores revelam-se muito similares em ambas as nacionalidades, mas diferenciados em funcao do genero, obtendo-se altas variâncias explicativas.