First Report of Root and Crown Rot Caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora on Strawberry in Uruguay
2019; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 103; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-05-19-0948-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresA. J. Machin, Pablo González, Esteban Vicente, Mateo Sánchez S., C. Estelda, J. Ghelfi, Elisa Perez,
Tópico(s)Plant Pathogens and Resistance
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 11First Report of Root and Crown Rot Caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora on Strawberry in Uruguay PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Root and Crown Rot Caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora on Strawberry in UruguayA. Machín, P. González, E. Vicente, M. Sánchez, C. Estelda, J. Ghelfi, and E. Silvera-PérezA. Machínhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3189-7135Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Ruta 31 km 21,5, Salto, Uruguay, P. GonzálezDepartamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, Montevideo, Uruguay, E. VicenteInstituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria Salto Grande, Camino al Terrible Salto, Uruguay, M. SánchezDepartamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Ruta 31 km 21,5, Salto, Uruguay, C. EsteldaDepartamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Ruta 31 km 21,5, Salto, Uruguay, J. GhelfiInstituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria Salto Grande, Camino al Terrible Salto, Uruguay, and E. Silvera-Pérez†Corresponding author: E. Silvera-Pérez; E-mail Address: [email protected]http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5878-7190Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Ruta 31 km 21,5, Salto, UruguayAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations A. Machín2 P. González1 E. Vicente3 M. Sánchez2 C. Estelda2 J. Ghelfi3 E. Silvera-Pérez2 † 1Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, Montevideo, Uruguay 2Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Ruta 31 km 21,5, Salto, Uruguay 3Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria Salto Grande, Camino al Terrible Salto, Uruguay Published Online:13 Sep 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-0948-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is one of the most important crops in Salto, northwest Uruguay, with 42 ha cultivated in 2013, which represents the 54% of the Uruguayan production. In 2016, a 5% mortality of 'INIA Guapa' strawberries was observed in Salto. Symptoms in young leaves were characterized by marginal desiccation, leading to larger patches of rust-colored areas as the leaves aged. Eventually, the discoloration and necrosis spread to the crown and root, which led to the death of the plant. Thirty-three symptomatic plants were collected from 19 plantations, pieces of infected tissues were cut and superficially disinfected in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, and air-dried in a laminar flow hood. They were first plated on water agar with 0.2 g of streptomycin sulfate, spiked onto potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 25°C in the dark. Fungal colonies (89) were white and cottony, edge undulate, circular (upper side), and pale luteous (reverse side). The acervuli were black, concentric, and appeared throughout the entire plate after 10 days. In five colonies selected at random, fusiform conidia were observed, which were straight and had five cells. Basal and apical cells were colorless, while the three median cells were dark brown. Conidia (n = 50) averaged 25.5 (15 to 30) × 6.5 (5 to 6.7) μm. All conidia had one basal appendage of 6.6 (5 to 10) μm, and two to four (usually three) apical appendages of 23 (15 to 37.4) μm. On the basis of colonies and conidia morphology, isolates were identified as Neopestalotiopsis clavispora (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2012). The identification as N. clavispora was confirmed by amplifying and sequencing the elongation factor 1-alpha gene (EF1α) with primers EF1-688F and EF1-1251R. BLAST analysis of five isolates deposited in GenBank (accession nos. MF959525, MK778071, MK778082, MK778083, and MK778074) showed 100% identity with N. clavispora (KU096881). Pathogenicity assays were performed on strawberry plants 'INIA Ágata'. Each isolate was inoculated in five plants; roots were dipped for 10 min into a conidial suspension (2 × 105 conidia/ml) from 10-day-old PDA cultures and planted in pots (14-cm diameter) with sterilized soil. Five control plants were inoculated using the same procedure with sterilized distilled water. The plants were held at 25°C and 80% relative humidity in a growth chamber with a 13.5-h photoperiod. After 5 weeks of incubation, symptoms developed similar to those found in field samples. No mortality was observed in control plants. N. clavispora was consistently reisolated from symptomatic tissues in the crown and root. N. clavispora has been reported causing canker and dieback on blueberry in Uruguay (González et al. 2012). It was further reported as a causal agent of root and crown rot on strawberry in Spain (Chamorro et al. 2016) and Argentina (Obregón et al. 2018). This is the first report of N. clavispora causing crown and root rot of strawberry in Uruguay.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Chamorro, M., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:1495. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-15-1308-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarGonzález, P., et al. 2012. Plant Dis. 96:914. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-11-1070-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarMaharachchikumbura, S. S. N., et al. 2012. Fungal Divers. 56:95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0198-1 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarObregón, V. G., et al. 2018. Plant Dis. 102:1856. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-18-0330-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 11 November 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionAdvanced symptoms of bacterial blotch disease on mushroom caps (Osdaghi et al.). Photo credit: C. Bull. Powdery mildew caused by Golovinomyces neosalviae on Salvia fruticosa (Soylu et al.). Photo credit: S. Soylu. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 4 Nov 2019Published: 13 Sep 2019First Look: 24 Jul 2019Accepted: 19 Jul 2019 Pages: 2946-2946 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsvegetablesfungietiologyThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited bySpecies of the Genera Neopestalotiopsis and Alternaria as Dominant Pathogen Species Attacking Mastic Trees (Pistacia lentiscus var. 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