First Report of Fusarium solani Causing Fusarium Wilt in Pima Cotton ( Gossypium barbadense ) in New Mexico, U.S.A.
2019; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 103; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-05-19-1081-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresYi Zhu, A. Abdelraheem, Soum Sanogo, T.C. Wedegaertner, R. L. Nichols, J. F. Zhang,
Tópico(s)Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 12First Report of Fusarium solani Causing Fusarium Wilt in Pima Cotton (Gossypium barbadense) in New Mexico, U.S.A. PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium solani Causing Fusarium Wilt in Pima Cotton (Gossypium barbadense) in New Mexico, U.S.A.Y. Zhu, A. Abdelraheem, S. Sanogo, T. Wedegaertner, R. Nichols, and J. F. ZhangY. Zhuhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-2743Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, A. AbdelraheemDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, S. Sanogohttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-3856Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, T. WedegaertnerCotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, R. NicholsCotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, and J. F. Zhang†Corresponding author: J. F. Zhang; E-mail Address: jinzhang@nmsu.eduDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Y. Zhu1 A. Abdelraheem1 S. Sanogo2 T. Wedegaertner3 R. Nichols3 J. F. Zhang1 † 1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 2Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 3Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513 Published Online:20 Oct 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1081-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is an important fiber crop. In May 2018, 1 to 2% wilted young cotton plants at the third to sixth true-leaf stage were observed in several Pima cotton (G. barbadense L.) fields in La Union and Chamberino, NM. In the field, the diseased young plants displayed wilting and leaf chlorosis. The symptomatic plants were uprooted and collected. In the laboratory, root fragments from the plants were cut off the stems and washed free of soil, followed by surface sterilization in 0.8% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min, rinsed two to three times in sterile distilled water, and paper blotted dry. The taproots were then sectioned into 1-cm segments, plated on acidified potato dextrose agar (PDA, pH = 4.8) medium, and incubated at 25°C with a 12-h dark/light photoperiod for 3 to 5 days. Mycelial colonies of uniform appearance emerged. The mycelial colonies were transferred to fresh PDA medium to purify cultures, and three single-spore colonies were morphologically characterized. The average mycelial growth rate was 9.8 to 11.6 mm/day at 25°C (n = 3), and the colonies produced white to pale cream, thick, floccose mycelium and yellowish pigment on the bottom of the PDA plates. The microconidia were produced in false heads on long monophialides, hyaline, oval to kidney shaped, and monocellular or bicellular, with a size of 7.0 to 17.2 × 1.5 to 5.0 μm (n = 50). The macroconidia were fusiform, three to five septate, slightly curved with a blunt and round apical cell and foot-shaped basal cell, with a size of 34.5 to 51.0 × 3.8 to 5.5 μm (n = 50). Chlamydospores were round shaped, thick-walled, and produced individually or in pairs (n = 10). Thus, the fungus was identified as Fusarium solani (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Genomic DNA of one representative isolate was extracted using the CTAB method (Zhang and Stewart 2000). The translation elongation factor (EF-1α) gene (GenBank accession MK460211) and β-tubulin (TUB2) gene (MK472709) were amplified and sequenced using primer pairs EF-1/EF-2 (O'Donnell et al. 1998) and BT3/BT5 (Tooley et al. 2001), respectively. A BLASTn search of the EF-1α and TUB2 sequences demonstrated 100% nucleotide sequence identity with their respective homologous gene sequences (KY486684, KT313613, and KT313609 for EF-1α and KP765698, KP710660, and KP674314 for TUB2) from F. solani isolates. To test the pathogenicity, four cotton genotypes (Upland, G. hirsutum: NM 16M1234 and Acala 1517-20; Pima: DP 358 RF and PHY 841 RF) with four replications (10 plants per genotype per replication) were used in the greenhouse. A conidial suspension (25 ml, 1 × 106 conidia/ml) was pipetted onto the soil around the base of the plants without wounding the roots at the first true-leaf stage. Plants serving as a control were inoculated with distilled water and exhibited no foliar symptoms. The pathogenicity tests were conducted twice. At 21 days after inoculation (DAI), cotyledon yellowing and wilting were observed. The true leaves became chlorotic and necrotic, and plants were wilted and defoliated, leading to death of some plants at 45 DAI. Root vascular discoloration in infected plants was observed. The inoculated plants displayed similar symptoms to those observed in the fields. The reisolated F. solani from roots of the infected plants was identical to the isolate used for the pathogenicity tests. F. solani has been reported to cause cotton seedling diseases in several U.S. states. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani as the causal agent causing Fusarium wilt in young Pima cotton plants in the United States.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Leslie, J. F., and Summerell, B. A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, U.K. Crossref, Google ScholarO'Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:2044. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarTooley, P. W., et al. 2001. Mycologia 93:541. ISI, Google ScholarZhang, J. F., and Stewart, J. M. 2000. J. Cotton Sci. 4:193. Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 12 December 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionChlorotic symptom of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis infected by PMMoV-QJ (Wen et al.). Photo credit: M. F. Zhao. Symptoms of Puccinia triticina on wheat (Brar et al.). Photo credit: G. S. Brar. Metrics Downloaded 4,441 times Article History Issue Date: 21 Nov 2019Published: 20 Oct 2019First Look: 5 Aug 2019Accepted: 31 Jul 2019 Page: 3279 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsFusarium solaniGossypium barbadenseFusarium wiltThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited ByCharacterization of Current Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum Isolates from Cotton in the San Joaquin Valley of California and Lower Valley El Paso, TexasJosue Diaz, Jorge Garcia, Celeste Lara, Robert B. 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