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High Proportion of Potential Candidates for Immunotherapy in a Chilean Cohort of Gastric Cancer Patients: Results of the FORCE1 Study

2019; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 11; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/cancers11091275

2072-6694

Miguel Córdova‐Delgado, Mauricio P. Pinto, Ignacio N. Retamal, Matías Muñoz-Medel, María Loreto Bravo, María Florencia Fernández, Betzabé Cisternas, Sebastián Mondaca, César Sánchez, Héctor Galindo, Bruno Nervi, Carolina Ibáñez, Francisco Acevedo, Jorge Madrid, José Peña, Érica Koch, María J. Maturana, Diego Romero, Nathaly De La Jara, Javiera Torres, Manuel Espinoza, Carlos Balmaceda, Yuwei Liao, Zhiguang Li, Matías Freire, Valentina Gárate‐Calderón, Javier F. Cáceres, Gonzalo Sepúlveda-Hermosilla, Rodrigo Lizana, Liliana Ramos, Rocío Artigas, Enrique Norero, Fernando Crovari, Ricardo Armisén, Alejandro H. Corvalán, Gareth I. Owen, Marcelo Garrido,

Genetic factors in colorectal cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease. This heterogeneity applies not only to morphological and phenotypic features but also to geographical variations in incidence and mortality rates. As Chile has one of the highest mortality rates within South America, we sought to define a molecular profile of Chilean GCs (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03158571/(FORCE1)). Solid tumor samples and clinical data were obtained from 224 patients, with subsets analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA; n = 90) and next generation sequencing (NGS; n = 101). Most demographic and clinical data were in line with previous reports. TMA data indicated that 60% of patients displayed potentially actionable alterations. Furthermore, 20.5% were categorized as having a high tumor mutational burden, and 13% possessed micro-satellite instability (MSI). Results also confirmed previous studies reporting high Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity (13%) in Chilean-derived GC samples suggesting a high proportion of patients could benefit from immunotherapy. As expected, TP53 and PIK3CA were the most frequently altered genes. However, NGS demonstrated the presence of TP53, NRAS, and BRAF variants previously unreported in current GC databases. Finally, using the Kendall method, we report a significant correlation between EBV+ status and programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1)+ and an inverse correlation between p53 mutational status and MSI. Our results suggest that in this Chilean cohort, a high proportion of patients are potential candidates for immunotherapy treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in South America to assess the prevalence of actionable targets and to examine a molecular profile of GC patients.