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Desarrollo de proveedores de hule natural en la cuenca del río Papaloapan, México: avances y limitaciones - Development of natural rubber suppliers in the Papaloapan River basin, Mexico: progress and limitations

2019; Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research; Volume: 20; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Espanhol

2500-5308

María Guadalupe González Ramírez, Víctor Horacio Santoyo Cortés, Jorge Aguilar Ávila, Norman Aguilar-Gallegos,

Business, Innovation, and Economy

espanolMexico posee condiciones optimas para el cultivo del hule natural; sin embargo, importa mas del 80 % para su consumo. Para mejorar esta situacion se implemento un modelo de desarrollo de proveedores a traves de Agencias de Gestion de la Innovacion (agi). Este trabajo analizo los logros de los servicios de asistencia tecnica proporcionados por dos agi a dos agroindustrias (ai) de hule y a sus proveedores ubicados en la Cuenca del rio Papaloapan, en Mexico. De 2011 a inicios de 2014, las agi generaron informes y datos sobre parametros tecnicos, productivos, organizativos y comerciales, tanto de productores como de ai. Con la informacion se construyeron bases de datos globales para analizar los cambios en produccion, abasto y adopcion de innovaciones. Los resultados muestran que la intervencion de las agi fue pertinente y eficaz en la mejora de parametros productivos y de poscosecha. Ademas, se incremento la produccion de hule coagulado y la disponibilidad de materia prima para las ai. Tambien se lograron reducir los costos de produccion y mejorar la calidad del hule. No obstante, la caida del precio del hule a fines de 2013 provoco retrocesos en la adopcion de innovaciones y en la integracion agricultura-industria, lo que evidencio la fragilidad del desarrollo de proveedores, asi como de las ai involucradas para fungir como empresas tractoras. EnglishMexico has optimal conditions for the cultivation of natural rubber but imports more than 80 % of its consumption. The model of development suppliers through Innovation Management Agencies (agi, for their acronym in Spanish) was implemented to improve this situation. This work analyzed the achievements of technical assistance services provided by two agi to two rubber agro-industries (AI) and their suppliers located in the Papaloapan River Basin, Mexico. From 2011 to the beginning of 2014, the Agencies generated reports and databases about technical, productive, organizational and commercial parameters of both rubber producers and agro-industries. With this information, global databases were constructed to analyze changes in production, supply, and innovation adoption. The results show that the intervention of the Agencies was relevant and effective in improving production and post-harvest parameters. The production of coagulated rubber also increased as well as the availability of raw material to the agro-industries. Moreover, production costs were able to be reduced, and the quality of the rubber was improved. However, the fall in rubber prices at the end of 2013 caused setbacks in the adoption of innovations and the agriculture–industry integration, showing the fragility of supplier development, as well as of the AI involved serving as lead and trailblazer companies in their suppliers’ networks.