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Can Paraplegia by Disruption of the Spinal Cord Tissue Be Reversed? The Signs of a New Perspective

2019; Wiley; Volume: 303; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/ar.24262

1932-8494

Érika Branco, José Gabriel Ribeiro Alves, Luane Lopes Pinheiro, Leandro Nassar Coutinho, Carolina R.M. Gomes, Gilvando Rodrigues Galvão, Glaucia R. de Oliveira Dos Santos, Luiz Fernando Moraes Moreira, Maridelzira Betânia Moraes David, Danielle Martinelli Martins, Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira, Michel Platini Caldas de Souza, Patrícia Cristina Baleeiro Beltrão-Braga, Fabiele Baldino Russo, Graciela Conceição Pignatari, Carla Maria Figueiredo de Carvalho Miranda, Ana Rita de Lima,

Nerve injury and regeneration

ABSTRACT Central nervous system (CNS) trauma is often related to tissue loss, leading to partial or complete disruption of spinal cord function due to neuronal death. Although generally irreversible, traditional therapeutic efforts, such as physical therapy exercises, are generally recommended, but with a poor or reduced improvement of the microenvironment, which in turn stimulates neuroplasticity and neuroregeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have paracrine, immunomodulatory, and anti‐inflammatory effects. Here we use stem cells to see if they can promote not only physical but also the functional regeneration of neuronal tissue in dogs with CNS traumas. Two dogs, one with chronic spinal cord injury and one with subacute spinal cord injury, underwent infusion of autologous MSCs in association with physiotherapy. The two treatments in combination were able to partially or completely recover the dog's walking movement again. The treatment of MSCs in association with physical therapy improved the microenvironment, which could be evidence of a paradigm shift that the CNS is not capable of functional regeneration after aggressive traumas. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy Anat Rec, 303:1812–1820, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy