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Biodegradation of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater by autochthonous microorganisms

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 145; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.ibiod.2019.104789

1879-0208

Evandro Pereira, Amanda P. Napp, S. R. Allebrandt, Renê Barbosa, Júlia Catarina Vieira Reuwsaat, William Lopes, Lívia Kmetzsch, Charley Christian Staats, Augusto Schrank, Alexsandro Dallegrave, Maria do Carmo Ruaro Peralba, Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia, Fátima Menezes Bento, Marilene Henning Vainstein,

Environmental Chemistry and Analysis

The bioremediation of petroleum spills in marine environments is still a challenge nowadays, and the technology available towards this goal must be improved. The search for efficient and applicable systems requires the prospection, isolation and characterization of autochthonous microorganisms with potential for bioremediation. Here, microorganisms were isolated from "Lagoa do Peixe" National Park, a site with a history of frequent petroleum spills in Brazil. The isolation methodology was based on the enrichment of microorganisms able to biodegrade petroleum hydrocarbons. After preliminary tests of 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) redox indicator, two bacteria were able to produce biosurfactants and metabolize complex carbon sources in a solid medium: Bacillus methylotrophicus SSNPLPB5 and Pseudomonas sihuiensis SNPLPB7. Biodegradation assays using aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sources showed that both bacteria are able to biodegrade: (i) up to 92.1% and 42.4% of the medium (C8 to C19) and long (C20 to C33) chain aliphatic contaminant fraction, respectively; (ii) 31.1% of isoprenoid (pristane) and (iii) 46% of anthracene, 33.9% of phenanthrene and 35.3% of pyrene, after 46 days of incubation in seawater. The isolates were shown to produce biosurfactants such as surfactins, iturins, mono- and di-rhamnolipids, which reduced the surface tension, pH and showed emulsifying activity of the cell-free supernatant at the end of the incubation time, with potential application in petroleum spills bioremediation.