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Update: Characteristics of Patients in a National Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injuries — United States, October 2019

2019; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Volume: 68; Issue: 43 Linguagem: Inglês

10.15585/mmwr.mm6843e1

1545-861X

Erin D. Moritz, Lauren B. Zapata, Akaki Lekiachvili, Emily Glidden, Francis Annor, Angela Werner, Emily N. Ussery, Michelle M. Hughes, Anne Kimball, Carla L. DeSisto, Brandon Kenemer, Mays Shamout, Macarena C. García, Sarah Reagan-Steiner, Emily E. Petersen, Emily H. Koumans, Matthew D. Ritchey, Brian A. King, Christopher M. Jones, Peter A. Briss, Lisa Delaney, Anita Patel, Kara D. Polen, Katie Sives, Dana Meaney‐Delman, Kevin Chatham‐Stephens, Adebola Adebayo, Jennifer Adjemian, Minal M. Amin, José C. Aponte, Grace D. Appiah, Christina Armatas, Melissa Arons, Sukhshant Atti, Michelle Banks, Vaughn Barry, Amy Board, Tegan K. Boehmer, John R. Bowyer, Lauren Boyle-Estheimer, Diane H. Browning, David Bui, Jordan Cates, Gyan Chandra, Karen Chang, Jennifer Chevinsky, Katelyn V. Chiang, Pyone Cho, G. Cone, Matthew Cone, Kristen N. Cowan, Augustina Delaney, Lindsey M. Duca, Angela Dunn, Shideh Delrahim Ebrahim-Zadeh, Jeff Engel, Molly Evans, Victoria L. Fields, Aaron Fleishauer, Jennifer Freed, Allison Gately, Isaac Ghinai, Caitlin Green, Janet Hamilton, Arianna Hanchey, Kathleen P. Hartnett, Amy Heinzerling, Dessica F. Hodges, Brooke Hoots, Asad Islam, Mia Israel, Yunho Jang, Sumera Jiva, Jona Johnson, Charlotte Kaboré, Emily Kiernan, Uzay Kırbıyık, Hannah Kisselburgh, Mimisha Kothari, Vikram Krishnasamy, Mohammed Lamtahri, Michael Landen, Jennifer E. Layden, Mark Layer, Ruth Lynfield, Kristen E. Marshall, Keegan McCaffrey, Eva D. McLanahan, Jonathan Meiman, Christina A. Mikosz, Maureen J. Miller, Roger Mir, Yousra A. Mohamoud, Livia Navon, Varsha Neelam, David A Nitschke, Rashid Njai, Kevin O’Laughlin, Samantha M. Olson, Cria G. Perrine, Cassandra M. Pickens, Mary Pomeroy, Aaron Kite Powell, Ian W. Pray, Tia McGill Rogers, Nicole M. Roth, Phillip P. Salvatore, Caroline A. Schrodt, Sarah L. Shafer, Dhara Shah, Raschelle Smalley, Steven A. Sumner, Lauren J. Tanz, Mark W. Tenforde, V. L. Thomas, Megan Toe, Kate Varela, Alana Vivolo, Jason A. Wilken, Peter K. Yang, Anna R. Yousaf,

Pediatric health and respiratory diseases

CDC, the Food and Drug Administration, state and local health departments, and other public health and clinical stakeholders are investigating a national outbreak of electronic-cigarette (e-cigarette), or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) (1). As of October 22, 2019, 49 states, the District of Columbia (DC), and the U.S. Virgin Islands have reported 1,604 cases of EVALI to CDC, including 34 (2.1%) EVALI-associated deaths in 24 states. Based on data collected as of October 15, 2019, this report updates data on patient characteristics and substances used in e-cigarette, or vaping, products (2) and describes characteristics of EVALI-associated deaths. The median age of EVALI patients who survived was 23 years, and the median age of EVALI patients who died was 45 years. Among 867 (54%) EVALI patients with available data on use of specific e-cigarette, or vaping, products in the 3 months preceding symptom onset, 86% reported any use of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing products, 64% reported any use of nicotine-containing products, and 52% reported use of both. Exclusive use of THC-containing products was reported by 34% of patients and exclusive use of nicotine-containing products by 11%, and for 2% of patients, no use of either THC- or nicotine-containing products was reported. Among 19 EVALI patients who died and for whom substance use data were available, 84% reported any use of THC-containing products, including 63% who reported exclusive use of THC-containing products; 37% reported any use of nicotine-containing products, including 16% who reported exclusive use of nicotine-containing products. To date, no single compound or ingredient used in e-cigarette, or vaping, products has emerged as the cause of EVALI, and there might be more than one cause. Because most patients reported using THC-containing products before symptom onset, CDC recommends that persons should not use e-cigarette, or vaping, products that contain THC. In addition, because the specific compound or ingredient causing lung injury is not yet known, and while the investigation continues, persons should consider refraining from the use of all e-cigarette, or vaping, products.