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Influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and psychosocial functioning in patients with first episode psychosis

2019; Cambridge University Press; Volume: 50; Issue: 16 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1017/s0033291719002794

1469-8978

Itxaso González–Ortega, Ana González‐Pinto, Susana Alberich, Enrique Echeburúa, Miquel Bernardo, Bibiana Cabrera, Sílvia Amoretti, António Lobo, Celso Arango, Iluminada Corripio, Eduard Vieta, Elena de la Serna, Roberto Rodríguez‐Jiménez, Rafael Segarra, Jose M. López-Ilundain, Ana M. Sánchez-Torres, Manuel J. Cuesta, Eric P. Zorrilla, Purificación López-Mahı́a, Miquel Bioque, Gisela Mezquida, Fe Barcones, Concepción De‐la‐Cámara, Mara Parellada, Ana Espliego, Anna Alonso-Solís, Eva Grasa, Cristina Varo, Laura Montejo, Josefina Castro‐Fornieles, Inmaculada Baeza, Mónica Dompablo, Iosune Torío, Arantzazu Zabala, JI Eguiluz, Lucía Moreno-Izco, Julio Sanjuán, Ramón Guirado, Iris Cáceres, Patricia Carolina Garnier, Fernando Hernández Contreras, Julio Bobes, Susana Al‐Halabí, Judith Usall, Anna Butjosa, Salvador Sarró, Ramón Landín-Romero, Ángela Ibáñez, Gabriel Selva,

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Abstract Background Social cognition has been associated with functional outcome in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP). Social cognition has also been associated with neurocognition and cognitive reserve. Although cognitive reserve, neurocognitive functioning, social cognition, and functional outcome are related, the direction of their associations is not clear. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to analyze the influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and cognitive domains on functioning in FEP both at baseline and at 2 years. Methods The sample of the study was composed of 282 FEP patients followed up for 2 years. To analyze whether social cognition mediates the influence of cognitive reserve and cognitive domains on functioning, a path analysis was performed. The statistical significance of any mediation effects was evaluated by bootstrap analysis. Results At baseline, as neither cognitive reserve nor the cognitive domains studied were related to functioning, the conditions for mediation were not satisfied. Nevertheless, at 2 years of follow-up, social cognition acted as a mediator between cognitive reserve and functioning. Likewise, social cognition was a mediator between verbal memory and functional outcome. The results of the bootstrap analysis confirmed these significant mediations (95% bootstrapped CI (−10.215 to −0.337) and (−4.731 to −0.605) respectively). Conclusions Cognitive reserve and neurocognition are related to functioning, and social cognition mediates in this relationship.