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Adherence to Once-daily and Twice-daily Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis C Infection Among People With Recent Injection Drug Use or Current Opioid Agonist Therapy

2019; Oxford University Press; Volume: 71; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/cid/ciz1089

1537-6591

Evan B. Cunningham, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Janaki Amin, Alain H. Litwin, Edward Gane, Curtis Cooper, Karine Lacombe, Margaret Hellard, Phillip Read, Jeff Powis, Olav Dalgård, Julie Bruneau, Gail Matthews, Jordan J. Feld, John Dillon, David Shaw, Philip Bruggmann, Brian Conway, Chris Fraser, Philippa Marks, Gregory J. Dore, Jason Grebely, Jason Grebely, Gregory J. Dore, Olav Dalgård, Philip Bruggmann, Catherine Stedman, Karine Lacombe, Jeff Powis, Margaret Hellard, Sione Crawford, Tracy Swan, Jude Byrne, Melanie Lacalamita, Evan B. Cunningham, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Jason Grebely, Gregory J. Dore, Pip Marks, Ineke Shaw, Sharmila Siriragavan, Janaki Amin, Sophie Quiene, Kathy Petoumenos, Patrick Schmid, Erika Castro, Alberto Moriggia, Karine Lacombe, Jean‐Pierre Daulouède, Olav Dalgård, Brian Conway, Christophe Fraser, Jeff Powis, Jordan J. Feld, Julie Bruneau, Curtis Cooper, Ed Gane, Catherine Stedman, Gail Matthews, Adrian Dunlop, Margaret Hellard, Ian Kronborg, David Shaw, Alain H. Litwin, Maria Christine Thurnheer, Martin Weltman, Philip A. Read, John Dillon, Simone Kessler, Cornelia Knapp, Lorenza Oprandi, Paola Messina, Marzia Pantic, Manuela Le Cam, Cecilia Maitre, J. Andreassen, Ingunn Melkeraaen, Merete Moen Tollefsen, Hannah Pagarigan, Rozalyn Milne, Kate Mason, Diana Kaznowski, Lily Zou, Rachel Bouchard, Barbara Kotsoros, Miriam Muir, Jessica Milloy, Victoria Oliver, Tracy Noonan, Alison Sevehon, Susan Hazelwood, Michelle Hall, Michelle Hagenauer, Rachel Liddle, C.L. Ferguson, Linda Agyemang, Hiral Patel, Irene Soloway, Orlando Cerocchi, Melanie Lacalamita, Vincenzo Fragomeli, Rosie Gilliver, Rebecca Lothian, Shirley Cleary, Linda Johnston, Sarah Middleton, Diana M. Brainard, John G. McHutchison, Jason Grebely, Gregory J. Dore, Olav Dalgård, Philip Bruggmann, Catherine Stedman, Karine Lacombe, Jeff Powis, Margaret Hellard, Sione Crawford, Tracy Swan, Jude Byrne, Melanie Lacalamita, Evan B. Cunningham, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Jason Grebely, Gregory J. Dore, Pip Marks, Ineke Shaw, Sharmila Siriragavan, Janaki Amin, Sophie Quiene, Kathy Petoumenos, Patrick Schmid, Erika Castro, Alberto Moriggia, Karine Lacombe, Jean‐Pierre Daulouède, Olav Dalgård, Brian Conway, Christophe Fraser, Jeff Powis, Jordan J. Feld, Julie Bruneau, Curtis Cooper, Ed Gane, Catherine Stedman, Gail Matthews, Adrian Dunlop, Margaret Hellard, Ian Kronborg, David Shaw, Alain H. Litwin, Maria Christine Thurnheer, Martin Weltman, Philip A. Read, John Dillon, Simone Kessler, Cornelia Knapp, Lorenza Oprandi, Paola Messina, Marzia Pantic, Manuela Le Cam, Cecilia Maitre, J. Andreassen, Ingunn Melkeraaen, Merete Moen Tollefsen, Hannah Pagarigan, Rozalyn Milne, Kate Mason, Diana Kaznowski, Lily Zou, Rachel Bouchard, Barbara Kotsoros, Miriam Muir, Jessica Milloy, Victoria Oliver, Tracy Noonan, Alison Sevehon, Susan Hazelwood, Michelle Hall, Michelle Hagenauer, Rachel Liddle, C.L. Ferguson, Linda Agyemang, Hiral Patel, Irene Soloway, Orlando Cerocchi, Melanie Lacalamita, Vincenzo Fragomeli, Rosie Gilliver, Rebecca Lothian, Shirley Cleary, Linda Johnston, Sarah Middleton, Diana M. Brainard, John G. McHutchison,

HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk

Abstract Background This study investigated adherence and associated factors among people with recent injection drug use (IDU) or current opioid agonist therapy (OAT) and compared once-daily to twice-daily hepatitis C virus (HCV) direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy. Methods SIMPLIFY and D3FEAT are international, multicenter studies that recruited participants with recent IDU (previous 6 months; SIMPLIFY, D3FEAT) or current OAT (D3FEAT) between March 2016 and February 2017 in 8 countries. Participants received sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (once daily; SIMPLIFY) or paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir, dasabuvir (twice daily) ± ribavirin (D3FEAT) for 12 weeks administered in electronic blister packs. We evaluated overall adherence (proportion of prescribed doses taken) and nonadherence (<90% adherent) between dosing patterns. Results Of 190 participants, 184 (97%) completed treatment. Median adherence was 92%, with higher adherence among those receiving once-daily vs twice-daily therapy (94% vs 87%, P = .005). Overall, 40% of participants (n = 76) were nonadherent (<90% adherent). Recent stimulant injecting (odds ratio [OR], 2.48 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.28–4.82]), unstable housing (OR, 2.18 [95% CI, 1.01–4.70]), and twice-daily dosing (OR, 2.81 [95% CI, 1.47–5.36]) were associated with nonadherence. Adherence decreased during therapy. Sustained virologic response was high in nonadherent (89%) and adherent populations (95%, P = .174), with no difference in SVR between those who did and did not miss 7 consecutive doses (92% vs 93%, P = .897). Conclusions This study demonstrated high adherence to once- and twice-daily DAA therapy among people with recent IDU or currently receiving OAT. Nonadherence described did not impact treatment outcomes, suggesting forgiveness to nonadherence.