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Tamarind Trypsin Inhibitor in Chitosan–Whey Protein Nanoparticles Reduces Fasting Blood Glucose Levels without Compromising Insulinemia: A Preclinical Study

2019; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 11; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/nu11112770

ISSN

2072-6643

Autores

Lídia Leonize Rodrigues Matias, Rafael O. Costa, Thaís Souza Passos, Jaluza Luana Carvalho de Queiroz, Alexandre Coelho Serquiz, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel, Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos, Christina S. Camillo, Catarina Gonçalves, Isabel R. Amado, Lorenzo Pastrana, Ana Heloneida de Araújo Morais,

Tópico(s)

Botanical Research and Applications

Resumo

In vivo studies show the benefits of the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind (Tamarindusindica L.) (TTI) seeds in satiety and obesity. In the present study, TTI nanoencapsulation (ECW) was performed to potentialize the effect of TTI and allow a controlled release in the stomach. The impact on glycemia, insulin, and lipid profile was evaluated in Wistar rats overfed with a high glycemic index diet (HGLI). Characterization of the nanoparticles and in vitro stability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, monitored by antitrypsin activity and HPLC, was performed. ECW and empty nanoparticles (CW) were administered by gavage, using 12.5 and 10.0 mg/kg, respectively. Both nanoformulations presented a spherical shape and smooth surface, with an average diameter of 117.4 nm (24.1) for ECW and 123.9 nm (11.3) for CW. ECW maintained the antitrypsin activity (95.5%) in the gastric phase, while TTI was completely hydrolyzed. In Wistar rats, the nanoformulations significantly reduced glycemia and HOMA IR, and ECW increased HDL-c compared to CW (p < 0.05).Pancreas histopathology of animals treated with ECW suggested an onset of tissue repair. Thenanoencapsulation provided TTI protection, gradual release in the desired condition, and improvement of biochemical parameters related to carbohydrate metabolism disorders,without compromising insulinemia.

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