Enzootic bovine leukosis
2015; Wiley; Volume: 13; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4188
ISSN1831-4732
Tópico(s)Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
ResumoEFSA JournalVolume 13, Issue 7 4188 OpinionOpen Access Enzootic bovine leukosis EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW), EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)Search for more papers by this author EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW), EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)Search for more papers by this author First published: 10 July 2015 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4188Citations: 26 Panel members: Charlotte Berg, Anette Bøtner, Howard Browman, Aline De Koeijer, Klaus Depner, Mariano Domingo, Christian Ducrot, Sandra Edwards, Christine Fourichon, Frank Koenen, Simon More, Mohan Raj, Liisa Sihvonen, Hans Spoolder, Jan Arend Stegeman, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Ivar Vågsholm, Antonio Velarde and Preben Willeberg Correspondence: alpha@efsa.europa.eu Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on enzootic bovine leukosis: Klaus Depner, Aline De Koeijer, Jacek Kuzmak, Thomas Vahlenkamp, Arvo Viltrop and Luc Willems for the preparatory work on this scientific output and the hearing experts: Paul Bartlett, Francesco Feliziani, Armando Giovannini, Kenji Murakami, Alex Thiermann, Karina Trono and EFSA staff member(s): Fulvio Barizzone, Marios Georgiadis, Luca Pasinato and Per Have for the support provided to this scientific output. Adoption date: 24 June 2015 Published date: 10 July 2015 Question number: EFSA-Q-2013-00546 On request from: European Commission AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Enzootic bovine leukosis is a disease of cattle caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV). The virus causes a persistent, life-long infection in a subset of B cells. Malignant tumours (lymphomas) ultimately develop in 2–5% of infected animals, predominantly in adult cattle older than 3–5 years. Lymphomas invariably lead to death of the animal within months. Before 1960, BLV was endemic in dairy herds in Northern/Eastern Europe and North America. Since then it has spread to all continents. The disease has been successfully controlled and eliminated from many countries in Europe. There is no evidence to suggest that any significant reservoir of BLV exists among other species, nor for any role of BLV in human disease or cancers. BLV exhibits a slow, progressive spread within a herd and it is likely to persist if control measures are not applied. The main modes of transmission are perinatal from cow to calf, via colostrum and milk, and close contact that allows transfer of infected lymphocytes, such as dehorning and injections using non-sterile utensils. Transfer between herds is almost entirely by movement of infected animals. Suitable methods have been developed for diagnosis of BLV infection in specimens of blood, milk and lymphomas. EBL has a negative impact on milk yield and leads to increased premature culling. 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