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Patient-physician discordance in assessment of adherence to inhaled controller medication: a cross-sectional analysis of two cohorts

2019; BMJ; Volume: 9; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031732

2044-6055

Cristina Jácome, Ana Margarida Pereira, Rute Almeida, Manuel Ferreira‐Magalhães, Mariana Couto, Luís Araújo, Mariana Pereira, Magna Alves‐Correia, Cláudia Chaves Loureiro, Maria Joana Catarata, Lília Maia Santos, João Gonçalves-Pereira, Bárbara Ramos, Cristina Lopes, Ana Mendes, José Carlos Cidrais Rodrigues, Georgeta Oliveira, Ana Paula Aguiar, Ivete Afonso, Joana Carvalho, Ana Arrobas, José Coutinho Costa, Joana Alves Dias, Ana Todo‐Bom, João Azevedo, Carmelita Ribeiro, Marta Alves, Paula Pinto, Nuno Neuparth, Ana Palhinha, João Gaspar Marques, Nicole Pinto, Pedro Martins, Filipa Todo Bom, Maria Alvarenga Santos, Alberto Costa, Armandina Silva Neto, Marta Santalha, Carlos Lozoya, Natacha Santos, Diana Silva, Maria João Vasconcelos, Luís Taborda‐Barata, Célia Carvalhal, Maria Fernanda Teixeira, Rodrigo Rodrigues Alves, Ana Sofia Moreira, Cláudia Sofia Pinto, Pedro Morais Silva, Carlos Alves, Raquel Câmara, Didina Coelho, Diana Bordalo, Ricardo M. Fernandes, Rosário Ferreira, Fernando Menezes, Ricardo Gomes, Maria José Cálix, Ana Marques, João Cardoso, Madalena Emiliano, Rita Gerardo, Carlos Nunes, Rita Câmara, José Alberto Ferreira, Aurora Carvalho, Paulo Freitas, Ricardo Cruz‐Correia, João Fonseca,

Pharmaceutical studies and practices

We aimed to compare patient's and physician's ratings of inhaled medication adherence and to identify predictors of patient-physician discordance.Baseline data from two prospective multicentre observational studies.29 allergy, pulmonology and paediatric secondary care outpatient clinics in Portugal.395 patients (≥13 years old) with persistent asthma.Data on demographics, patient-physician relationship, upper airway control, asthma control, asthma treatment, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and healthcare use were collected. Patients and physicians independently assessed adherence to inhaled controller medication during the previous week using a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Discordance was defined as classification in distinct VAS categories (low 0-50; medium 51-80; high 81-100) or as an absolute difference in VAS scores ≥10 mm. Correlation between patients' and physicians' VAS scores/categories was explored. A multinomial logistic regression identified the predictors of physician overestimation and underestimation.High inhaler adherence was reported both by patients (median (percentile 25 to percentile 75) 85 (65-95) mm; 53% VAS>80) and by physicians (84 (68-95) mm; 53% VAS>80). Correlation between patient and physician VAS scores was moderate (rs=0.580; p<0.001). Discordance occurred in 56% of cases: in 28% physicians overestimated adherence and in 27% underestimated. Low adherence as assessed by the physician (OR=27.35 (9.85 to 75.95)), FEV1 ≥80% (OR=2.59 (1.08 to 6.20)) and a first appointment (OR=5.63 (1.24 to 25.56)) were predictors of underestimation. An uncontrolled asthma (OR=2.33 (1.25 to 4.34)), uncontrolled upper airway disease (OR=2.86 (1.35 to 6.04)) and prescription of short-acting beta-agonists alone (OR=3.05 (1.15 to 8.08)) were associated with overestimation. Medium adherence as assessed by the physician was significantly associated with higher risk of discordance, both for overestimation and underestimation of adherence (OR=14.50 (6.04 to 34.81); OR=2.21 (1.07 to 4.58)), while having a written action plan decreased the likelihood of discordance (OR=0.25 (0.12 to 0.52); OR=0.41 (0.22 to 0.78)) (R2=44%).Although both patients and physicians report high inhaler adherence, discordance occurred in half of cases. Implementation of objective adherence measures and effective communication are needed to improve patient-physician agreement.