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Can Genetic Progress for Drought Tolerance in Popcorn Be Achieved by Indirect Selection?

2019; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 9; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/agronomy9120792

2073-4395

Samuel Henrique Kamphorst, Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior, Valter Jário de Lima, L. J. M. Guimarães, Kátia Fabiane Medeiros Schmitt, Jhean Torres Leite, Pedro Henrique Araújo Diniz Santos, Marcelo Moura Chaves, Gabrielle Sousa Mafra, Divino Rosa dos Santos, Cosme Damião Cruz, Eliemar Campostrini,

Crop Yield and Soil Fertility

The objective of this study was to estimate the direct and indirect effects of agricultural, morphological, physiological, and root traits of popcorn lines, under two conditions of water supply: full irrigation (FI) and drought stress (DS). A complete randomized block design with three replications was used to evaluate the following traits: expanded popcorn volume per hectare (EPV), 100-grain weight (100GW), mean ear length, mean ear diameter, number of grains per row (NGR), prolificacy (PRO), anthesis to silking interval, tassel length, number of tassel branches, plant height, shoot dry matter, green index (SPAD), and canopy temperature depression (CTD), root angle (RA), tap root volume (TRV), and crown root volume (CRV). Analyses of variance and path analysis, and subsequent partitioning of direct and indirect effects were performed. For the traits EPV, PRO, CTD, RA, CRV and TRV, the genotype x environment interaction was significant. Drought stress had significant effects on EPV (−7.15%), 100GW (−23.52%), SPAD (−29.31%), CTD (87.15%), RA (24.54%), and CRV (44.89%). The traits NGR and SPAD were found to be decisive for the expression of EPV. The exploitation of these traits by indirect selection is expected to induce increments in EPV in environments under DS and FI.