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Culms of Bambusa vulgaris cv. vittata, Arundinaria simonii and Phyllostachys aurea (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): Characterization of vascular bundles and fibers

2019; Elsevier BV; Volume: 263; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.flora.2019.151523

1618-0585

Gladys Elizabeth Yormann, Zulma E. Rúgolo, Nancy Mariel Apóstolo,

Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics

The anatomical features of woody bamboos provide significant information related to their physical-mechanical properties and applications. Thus, in the present study, we characterized the vascular bundles (VBs) types and the fibers in relation to the VB type, and the culm (cane) portion of Arundinaria simonii, Bambusa vulgaris cv. vittata and Phyllostachys aurea. Cross-sections in the middle of the culms were made to determine the VBs features and apical, middle and basal portions of the culm were macerated to determine the fibers features. Samples were observed with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that, in the three species studied, the peripheral and transitional VBs are elliptic, whereas the internal VBs are depressed. The peripheral and transitional VBs exhibited prominent fiber caps associated with the xylem. However, P. aurea also showed a longer and wider phloem-associated cap in comparison to the other two studied species. In A. simonii and P. aurea culms, fiber length decreases from the base to the apex, whereas in B. vulgaris cv. vittata, fibers are longer at the base and the apex of the culm. Bambusa vulgaris cv. vittata exhibited the longest fibers and could thus to be used in the production of cellulose. In contrast, P. aurea exhibited the shortest fibers and the largest lumen diameter, and would be useful for construction, furniture and utensils. Arundinaria simonii showed fibers with intermediate values of the parameters analyzed, although the thickness of the fiber wall was significantly smaller, indicating that it would be suitable for the paper industry.