Fungi diversity on wild and cultivated common caraway (Carum carvi L.) seeds.
2010; Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry; Volume: 97; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
2335-8947
Autores Tópico(s)Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
ResumoMicromycete contamination of wild and cultivated common caraway (Carum carvi L.) seeds of the 2001–2004 harvest was studied. Ripe seeds were collected in various localities of Biržai, Kaunas, Raseiniai, Silutė, Ukmergė, Varėna and Vilnius districts in June–July. The blotter method was applied for the detection of micromycetes on common caraway seeds. The fungi were identified according to their morphological and cultural properties. The frequency of occurrence and relative density of identified species were calculated. The qualitative and quantitative similarity of fungal complexes, detected on cultural and wild caraway seeds as well as on the seeds of different harvest years and grown in different localities was compared. The fungi of 55 species and 41 genera belonging to Ascomycota and Zygomycota phyla, Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Incertae sedis classes were detected and identified on the common caraway seeds. The micromycetes of genus Alternaria dominated in the mycobiota of investigated seeds. They made up 59.8% of the total isolate amount and the frequency of their occurrence amounted to 58.4%. Saprotrophes (Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Cladosporium spp. and others) dominated on the seeds of common caraway. The potential pathogens (Alternaria alternata, Ascochyta biforae, Phomopsis diachenii, Fusarium oxysporum, F. avenaceum, Cylindrocarpon destructans, Botrytis cinerea) – the agents of spots, wilts and rots, were recorded as well. The fungal complexes, detected on the seeds of wild and cultural caraway, have great qualitative and quantitative similarity; however they significantly vary between harvest years and localities.
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