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First Report of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Pecan in Brazil
2020; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 104; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-09-19-1956-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresJéssica Mengue Rolim, Lucas Graciolli Savian, C. C. Walker, Elena Blume, Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz, Tales Poletto, M. de M. Silva, E. L. da Silva, Jéssica Emília Rabuske, Janaína Silva Sarzi,
Tópico(s)Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 104, No. 6First Report of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Pecan in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Pecan in BrazilJ. M. Rolim, L. G. Savian, C. Walker, E. Blume, M. F. B. Muniz, T. Poletto, M. de M. Silva, E. L. da Silva, J. E. Rabuske, and J. S. SarziJ. M. Rolim†Corresponding author: J. M. Rolim; E-mail Address: eng.jessicarolim@gmail.comhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-7599Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Pelotas, Brazil, L. G. Savianhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-7998Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil, C. WalkerUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil, E. BlumeUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil, M. F. B. MunizUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil, T. Polettohttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6162-4445Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil, M. de M. SilvaUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Santa Maria, Brazil, E. L. da SilvaUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Biologia, Santa Maria, Brazil, J. E. RabuskeUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil, and J. S. SarziUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, BrazilAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations J. M. Rolim1 † L. G. Savian2 C. Walker2 E. Blume2 M. F. B. Muniz2 T. Poletto2 M. de M. Silva3 E. L. da Silva4 J. E. Rabuske2 J. S. Sarzi2 1Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Pelotas, Brazil 2Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Santa Maria, Brazil 3Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Santa Maria, Brazil 4Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Biologia, Santa Maria, Brazil Published Online:25 Mar 2020https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1956-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Pecan (Carya illinoinensis [Wangenh] C. Koch) is an important nut crop and contributes a large portion of farmers' income in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Since 2015, wilt symptoms were observed in 3- and 4-year-old trees in orchards located in Segredo (29°20′07″ S, 52°58′52″ W) and Vila Nova do Sul (30°20′26″ S, 53°53′07″ W), Rio Grande do Sul State. The disease occurred in 5 to 10% of plants. The observed symptoms were consistent with vascular wilt. In addition, approximately 80% of the region's orchards had symptomatic trees. The symptoms were characterized by yellowing, wilting, necrosis of leaves, discoloration of vascular tissues, and subsequent death. Symptomatic vascular tissue was collected from two trees and disinfested for 2 min in 1% sodium hypochlorite, rinsed in sterile water, placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 25 ± 1°C with a 12-h photoperiod for 3 days. The pure cultures obtained (S, Segredo; VN, Vila Nova do Sul) had morphology typical of Fusarium spp. Isolates were then grown on PDA for 7 days under the previously described conditions and reached a diameter of 66 mm (S) and 50 mm (VN) showing pink (S) and pale red (VN) coloration, with white aerial mycelium in both cultures. On carnation leaf agar after 14 days, VN did not produce sporodochia but produced chlamydospores, macroconidia 8.1 × 1.4 μm in size with two to three septa, and microconidia that were 3.3 × 1.0 μm, n = 30. The S culture produced yellow sporodochia, chlamydospores, macroconidia measuring 7.7 × 1.3 μm, two to three septa, and microconidia that were 2.9 × 0.9 μm, n = 30. For DNA analyses, the partial gene elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α) was amplified with primers EF1 and EF2 and sequenced (O'Donnell et al. 1998). Consensus sequences were constructed using the ClustalW algorithm and compared with those in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method with 1,000 bootstrap replicates using the MEGA program. The similarity of nucleotide sequences among isolates was calculated using BLAST. The sequences of S (MK966032) and VN (MK966033) were deposited in GenBank, and both showed 100% identity with Fusarium oxysporum (S, DQ016271; VN, KJ920414). A pathogenicity test was performed using pecan seedlings 15 to 20 days after emergence at a height of 20 to 25 cm. Roots wounded through small cuts using scissors were immersed for 30 min in a spore suspension (106 conidia/ml) for each isolate and soaked in sterile water for the negative control. Seedlings were then transplanted into plastic bags (17 × 25 cm) with a sterile substrate and placed in a greenhouse. Four replicate plants were inoculated for each isolate and control plants. The seedlings were observed up to 120 days postinoculation (dpi). Plants inoculated with each isolate displayed leaves with subsequent wilt symptoms, decreased vigor, and then plant death at 95 dpi. Upon dissection at 120 days, the vascular tissue of affected plants was discolored. Both isolates were reisolated from symptomatic vascular tissues of the four plants used in the pathogenicity test for each isolate. All control plants remained healthy. Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum has been reported to affect coffee (Coffea canephora) in Brazil (Belan et al. 2018), but this is the first report on pecan. Therefore, as a disease that drastically reduces the production of nuts, vascular wilt should be considered as one of the most important diseases affecting pecan in this region.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Belan, L. L., et al. 2018. Plant Dis. 102:1859. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-18-0186-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarO'Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:2044. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarL. G. Savian, C. Walker, E. Blume, M. F. B. Muniz, T. Poletto, M. de M. Silva, and E. L. da Silva contributed equally.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 104, No. 6 June 2020SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionSymptoms of citrus yellow mottle-associated virus on a leaf of Washington navel orange (J. X. Wu et al.). Photo credit: M. J. Cao. Effect of pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole on the severity of Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora beticola in a small plot (S. J. Pethybridge et al.). Photo credit: S. J. Pethybridge. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 8 Jun 2020Published: 25 Mar 2020First Look: 22 Jan 2020Accepted: 17 Jan 2020 Page: 1870 Information© 2020 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsvascular diseasepecanphytopathogenic fungiThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byCharacterization of Fusarium spp. causal agent of wilt in pecan1 November 2022 | Revista Ceres, Vol. 69, No. 6FUNGI OF THE BOTRYOSPHAERIACEAE FAMILY CAUSE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF STEM CANKER ON PECAN TREES (Carya illinoinensis) IN BRAZIL1 January 2022 | Revista Árvore, Vol. 46First record in Upper Egypt of vascular wilt on pomegranate caused by Fusarium oxysporum, its molecular identification and artificial pathogenicity7 October 2020 | Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Vol. 128, No. 1Leaf spot of Hosta ventricosa caused by Fusarium oxysporum in China7 December 2021 | PeerJ, Vol. 9
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