Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Monogermity varieties of beetroot in the context of modern requirements of agricultural producers

2019; Volume: 333; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês

10.32634/0869-8155-2019-333-10-61-67

2686-701X

С. А. Ветрова, V. A. Zayachkovskyi, K. S. Muhina,

Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies

Relevance. The main producers of vegetable products are private farms. Most large russian agricultural enterprises grow varieties and hybrids of foreign selection. In this regard, the urgent task is to attract attention to the varieties and hybrids of vegetable crops of domestic breeding, in particular State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, which must meet the current requirements of manufacturers and the market. For the culture of beetroot, in connection with the intensification of agricultural production, an important direction in the selection - the creation of single-seed (separate) varieties and hybrids with a complex of economically significant features suitable for mechanized cultivation. Methods. With the use of classical methods of selection in the laboratory table root crops State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (VNIISSOK) created monogermity varieties Bordo odnosemyannaya and Dobrynya; one-two-seeded varieties Lubava and Gaspadynya. The actual requirement of vegetable producers, ensuring the payback of crops, is the stability of the manifestation of the average value of varietal characteristics in a particular zone, regardless of the prevailing conditions of the season. Results. As a result of competitive variety testing conducted in the conditions of Odintsovo district of the Moscow region on the fields of the main crop rotation of the Federal scientific center of vegetable growing (VNIISSOK) in 2015-2017, it is shown that the studied varieties are characterized by a set of features that allow to obtain a stable harvest, exceed foreign varieties and hybrids in terms of dry matter and sugars, have high safety during long-term storage. All this determines their competitiveness and allows to include in crop rotations of farms without risk to their profit, and also to use in selection of heterosis hybrids of beetroot domestic selection as sources of separateness.