First Report of Eutypa lata Causing Dieback of Grapevines ( Vitis vinifera ) in Chile
2020; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 104; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-12-19-2531-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresMauricio Lolas, Álvaro Castro, Rubén Polanco, Felipe Gaínza‐Cortés, E. E. Ferrada, Mark Sosnowski, Gonzalo A. Díaz,
Tópico(s)Forest Insect Ecology and Management
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 104, No. 7First Report of Eutypa lata Causing Dieback of Grapevines (Vitis vinifera) in Chile PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Eutypa lata Causing Dieback of Grapevines (Vitis vinifera) in ChileMauricio A. Lolas, Alvaro Castro, Rubén Polanco, Felipe Gainza-Cortés, Enrique Ferrada, Mark R. Sosnowski, and Gonzalo A. DíazMauricio A. Lolas†Corresponding author: M. A. Lolas; E-mail Address: mlolas@utalca.clhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-173XFruit Pathology Lab, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile, Alvaro CastroUC Davis Chile Life Science Innovation Center, Santiago, Chile, Rubén PolancoCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile, Felipe Gainza-Cortéshttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2513-2504Viña Concha y Toro S.A., Center for Research and Innovation, Pencahue, Chile, Enrique FerradaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile, Mark R. Sosnowskihttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-0198South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Adelaide, SA, 5001 AustraliaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia, and Gonzalo A. Díazhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7719-5251Fruit Pathology Lab, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Mauricio A. Lolas1 † Alvaro Castro2 Rubén Polanco3 Felipe Gainza-Cortés4 Enrique Ferrada5 Mark R. Sosnowski6 7 Gonzalo A. Díaz1 1Fruit Pathology Lab, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile 2UC Davis Chile Life Science Innovation Center, Santiago, Chile 3Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile 4Viña Concha y Toro S.A., Center for Research and Innovation, Pencahue, Chile 5Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile 6South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Adelaide, SA, 5001 Australia 7School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia Published Online:12 May 2020https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-19-2531-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are becoming the main limiting factor for high-quality wine production in Chile, decreasing vineyard yield and longevity. Diplodia seriata, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, and Basidiomycetes are the main fungi associated with GTDs in Chile; Eutypa lata, which causes Eutypa dieback, has not been reported (Díaz et al. 2013). In January 2016 and December 2017, several cordons (n = 20) with cankers and dead arms were sampled from two commercial vineyards (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) in the Maule Region and were observed with wedge-shaped necrosis when cut in cross-section. Sections of wood with necrotic tissue were surface sterilized (96% ethanol and flamed), cut into small pieces (3 to 5 mm), transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA, 2%) amended with 0.05% lactic acid, 0.005% tetracycline, 0.01% streptomycin, and 0.1% Igepal CO-630, and incubated for 7 days at 20°C. Pure cultures were obtained that were morphologically identified as D. seriata (n = 6), and others (n = 11) that developed consistently flat white mycelial colonies and, after 30 days, conidiomata produced unicellular, hyaline, filiform, slightly curved conidia measuring 20.2 to 30.4 × 0.9 to 1.5 μm, average 24.4 (±2.4) × 1.2 (±0.2) μm, were classified as members of the Diatrypaceae (Rolshausen et al. 2014). Molecular identification was performed on representative isolates (2B, P12H79, and P13H79), and two DNA regions were amplified and sequenced: the β-tubulin (β-TUB) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (Rolshausen et al. 2014). BLASTn analysis of ITS and β-TUB sequences showed 100% (GenBank accession MG978311) and 98% (GenBank accession MG978307) identity with E. lata strain STEU_8522, respectively, for isolates 2B, P12H79, and P13H79 (Moyo et al. 2018). The sequences of isolates P12H79, 2B, and P13H79 were deposited into GenBank (MN596872 to MN596874 [ITS] and MN629335 to MN629337 [β-TUB]). The three E. lata isolates were accessioned into the Chilean Collection of Microbial Genetic Resources. Pathogenicity of the isolates was determined by inoculating 1-year-old canes (50 cm long) on cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc in the University of Talca Experimental Vineyard in June 2017. Mycelial PDA plugs (5 mm) taken from the margin of 15-day-old cultures of isolates 2B, P12H79, and P13H79 or sterile PDA plugs (control) were placed on four pruning wounds per vine using 10 vines for each isolate and control (n = 40). Inoculated wounds were wrapped with Parafilm for 3 days and then left in the vineyard for 6 months. The length of the necrotic internal staining below the inoculation point measured 162.5 (±28.7), 170.4 (±27.2), and 170.8 (±20.0) mm in cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon, and 171.9 (±43.9), 204.2 (±28.2), and 198.0 (±20.0) mm in cultivar Sauvignon blanc, for isolates 2B, P12H79, and P13H79, respectively. No symptoms were observed in the controls. The inoculated fungi were reisolated from the necrotic wood, and molecular identification confirmed cultures as E. lata. The specific foliar symptoms of zig-zag shoot growth and deformed leaves caused by E. lata in grapevines worldwide were absent in the present research. Therefore, this study is the first report of E. lata associated with GTDs in Chile, and given the importance of this finding, opens new perspectives to determine the status of this pathogen in the Chilean grapevine industry.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Díaz, G. A., et al. 2013. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40:327. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-16202013000200008 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMoyo, P., et al. 2018. Plant Dis. 102:2033. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-18-0398-PDN Link, Google ScholarRolshausen, P., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:483. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-13-0883-RE Link, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 104, No. 7 July 2020SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionA cucumber plant with a light gray lesion of charcoal rot at the soil line and microsclerotia visible on the stem (D. S. Egel et al.). Photo credit: D. S. Egel. Rot and discolored sepals of persimmon fruit caused by Mucor inaequisporus (S.-Y. Lee and H.-Y. Jung). Photo credit: H.-Y. Jung. Metrics Downloaded 953 times Article History Issue Date: 2 Jul 2020Published: 12 May 2020First Look: 17 Mar 2020Accepted: 14 Mar 2020 Page: 2024 Information© 2020 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfungifruittree fruitspathogen detectionThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited ByFirst Report of Diaporthe ambigua Associated with Dead Arm Disease on Grapevine in ChileA. Larach, N. Riquelme, A. Salinas, P. E. Rolshausen, M. Seeger, and X. Besoian27 May 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 7Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Vineyards: Water and Biotic Stress Under a Climate Change Scenario: New Challenge for Chilean Grapevine Crop3 March 2022 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 13Fungal diversity notes 1387–1511: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa7 December 2021 | Fungal Diversity, Vol. 111, No. 1First Report of Eutypa lata Causing Cankers and Dieback in Sweet Cherry in ChileD. Grinbergs, J. Chilian, and A. 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