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Determining Hydrologic Pathways of Streamflow Using Geochemical Tracers in a Claypan Watershed

2020; Wiley; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/hyp.13743

1099-1085

Fengjing Liu, Robert N. Lerch, John Yang, G. R. Peters,

Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics

Hydrological ProcessesVolume 34, Issue 11 p. 2494-2509 RESEARCH ARTICLE Determining hydrologic pathways of streamflow using geochemical tracers in a claypan watershed Fengjing Liu, Corresponding Author fliu7@mtu.edu orcid.org/0000-0001-8743-321X College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA Correspondence Fengjing Liu, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931. Email: fliu7@mtu.eduSearch for more papers by this authorRobert N. Lerch, Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit, Agriculture Research Services, US Department of Agriculture, Columbia, Missouri, USASearch for more papers by this authorJohn Yang, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science and Cooperative Research Program, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, Missouri, USASearch for more papers by this authorGreg Peters, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science and Cooperative Research Program, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, Missouri, USASearch for more papers by this author Fengjing Liu, Corresponding Author fliu7@mtu.edu orcid.org/0000-0001-8743-321X College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA Correspondence Fengjing Liu, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931. Email: fliu7@mtu.eduSearch for more papers by this authorRobert N. Lerch, Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit, Agriculture Research Services, US Department of Agriculture, Columbia, Missouri, USASearch for more papers by this authorJohn Yang, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science and Cooperative Research Program, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, Missouri, USASearch for more papers by this authorGreg Peters, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science and Cooperative Research Program, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, Missouri, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 09 March 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13743Citations: 2 Funding information: Michigan Technological University, Grant/Award Number: Start-up; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Grant/Award Numbers: 0225140, 1007239, 2011-38821-30956, 2013-38821-21461 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Despite the low permeability of claypan soils, groundwater has been heavily contaminated by nitrate in agricultural watersheds dominated by claypan soils. However, it is unclear how nitrate concentrations in groundwater affect stream water quality. In this study, streamflow pathways were investigated using natural geochemical tracers in the 73-km2 Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed in northeastern Missouri. Samples were collected from 2011 to 2017 from stream water (weekly-biweekly), precipitation (event-based), groundwater in 25 wells with screened depths varying from 2 to 16 m (bimonthly–seasonal) and interflow above the claypan in 7 shallow piezometers (weekly–monthly). The results of endmember mixing analysis using major ions indicate that streamflow was dominated by near-surface runoff (59 ± 20%), followed by interflow (25 ± 16%) and groundwater (16 ± 13%). Analysis of endmember distances using the mixing space defined by stream water chemistry suggests that groundwater contributions to streamflow came primarily from the intermediate to deep glacial till aquifer near and below 8 m. Near-surface runoff was persistent and dominant even after isolated precipitation events during a prolonged dry period. It is hypothesised that the alluvial aquifer near stream banks acts as a mixing zone to receive and store various source waters, resulting in persistent delivery of runoff to the stream. Groundwater, even though its contribution was limited, plays a significant role in regulating streamflow NO3− concentrations. This study significantly improves our understanding of claypan hydrology and will lead to the development of models and decision support tools for implementation of management practices that improve groundwater and stream water quality in restrictive layer watersheds. Open Research DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Citing Literature Volume34, Issue1130 May 2020Pages 2494-2509 RelatedInformation