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Upper Airway Cough Syndrome in Pathogenesis of Chronic Cough

2020; Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Linguagem: Inglês

10.33549/physiolres.934400

1802-9973

M. Lucanska, Andrej Hajtman, V. Čalkovský, Peter Kunč, Renata Péčová,

Pediatric health and respiratory diseases

Cough is one of the most important defensive reflexes. However, extensive non- productive cough is a harmful mechanism leading to the damage of human airways. Cough is initiated by activation of vagal afferents in the airways. The site of their convergence is particularly the nucleus of the solitary tract (nTS). The second-order neurons terminate in the pons, medulla and spinal cord and there is also the cortical and subcortical control of coughing. Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) – previously postnasal drip syndrome - is one of the most common causes of chronic cough together with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux. The main mechanisms leading to cough in patients with nasal and sinus diseases are postnasal drip, direct irritation of nasal mucosa, inflammation in the lower airways, upper airway inflammation and the cough reflex sensitization. The cough demonstrated by UACS patients is probably due to hypersensitivity of the upper airways sensory nerve or lower airways sensory nerve, or a combination of both. Further studies are needed to clarify this mechanism.