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Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters

2020; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 12; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/pharmaceutics12040304

1999-4923

Carmem Jane Ferreira Vilar, Susana Barbosa Ribeiro, Aurigena Antunes de Araújo, Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra, Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior, Gerly Anne de Castro Brito, Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão, Daniel de Lima Pontes, Luiz H. S. Gasparotto, Maisie Mitchele Barbosa Oliveira, Anderson Dias Viana, Wendy Marina Toscano Queiroz de Medeiros, Breno Gustavo Porfírio Bezerra, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros,

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe inflammation of the oral mucosal cells associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity, resulting in epithelial ulcers and higher risk of death from sepsis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nanoparticle (AuNp) effect on OM induced in hamsters. Materials and methods: 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used on the first and second day of the experimental model in Golden sirian hamsters, and on the fourth day, mechanical trauma was applied to induce OM. The animals were divided into groups, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mechanical trauma (MT), 5FU, and groups treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNps) (62.5, 125, and 250 μg/kg). On the 10th day, animals were euthanized for macroscopic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AuNp quantification. Results: AuNp (250 μg/kg) reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β, and SMAD 2/3; increased glutathione levels; decreased the expression of Kelch ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1); and induced heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) genes. Conclusions: AuNp (250 μg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters and improved the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress.