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High-Flow Nasal Cannula versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Critical Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Controlled Pilot

2020; Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany); Volume: 09; Issue: 04 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1055/s-0040-1709656

2146-4618

Regina Grigolli César, Bibiane Ramos Pinheiro Bispo, Priscilla Helena Costa Alves Felix, Maria Carolina Caparica Modolo, Andréia Aparecida Freitas Souza, Nelson Kazunobu Horigoshi, Alexandre T. Rotta,

Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

We conducted a randomized controlled pilot study in infants with critical bronchiolitis ( n = 63) comparing high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC, n = 35) to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP, n = 28). The primary outcome was treatment failure, defined as the need for bilevel positive pressure ventilation or endotracheal intubation. Treatment failure occurred in 10 patients (35.7%) in the CPAP group and 13 patients (37.1%) in the HFNC group ( p = 0.88). Pediatric intensive care unit length of stay was similar between the CPAP and HFNC groups (5 [4-7] days and 5 [4-8] days, p = 0.46, respectively). In this pilot study, treatment with HFNC resulted in a rate of treatment failure similar to CPAP.