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Compositional and Quantitative Insights Into Bacterial and Archaeal Communities of South Pacific Deep-Sea Sponges (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida)

2020; Frontiers Media; Volume: 11; Linguagem: Inglês

10.3389/fmicb.2020.00716

1664-302X

Georg Steinert, Kathrin Busch, Kristina Bayer, Sahar Kodami, Pedro Martínez Arbizu, Michelle Kelly, Sadie Mills, Dirk Erpenbeck, Martin Dohrmann, Gert Wörheide, Ute Hentschel, Peter J. Schupp,

Aquaculture disease management and microbiota

In the present study, we profiled bacterial and archaeal communities from thirteen phylogenetically diverse deep-sea sponge species (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida) from the South Pacific by 16S rRNA-gene amplicon sequencing. Additionally, the associated bacteria and archaea were quantified by real-time qPCR. Our results show that bacterial communities from the deep-sea sponges are mostly host-species specific similar to what has been observed for shallow-water demosponges. The archaeal deep-sea sponge community structures are different from the bacterial community structures in that they are almost completely dominated by a single family, which are the ammonia-oxidizing genera within the Nitrosopumilaceae. Remarkably, the archaeal communities are mostly specific to individual sponges (rather than sponge-species), and this observation applies to both hexactinellids and demosponges. Finally, archaeal numbers, as detected by quantitative real-time PCR, were up to three orders of magnitude higher than in shallow-water sponges, highlighting the importance of the archaea for deep-sea sponges in general.