Adrenocortical Function
1997; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/b978-012396305-5/50021-x
Autores Tópico(s)Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
ResumoMost of the clinical problems of the adrenal cortex are seen in companion animals. Other species are covered in terms of general comparative aspects of mammals and birds, and with the presentation of some additional species-specific data. Blood flow of the adrenals is centripetal. In species with separated medulla and cortex, this results in high medullary corticoid concentrations that induce an enzyme in the chromaffin cells, converting norepinephrine to epinephrine. Therefore, species with anatomically separated medulla and cortex predominantly secrete epinephrine and species with intermingled chromaffin and adrenocortical tissue secrete predominantly norepinephrine. The physiological significance of protein binding probably lies in a buffering effect, which prevents rapid variations of the plasma cortisol level. Transcortin restrains the active cortisol from reaching the target organ and also protects it from rapid inactivation by the liver and excretion through the kidneys.
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