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The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil: insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing

2020; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 9; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/22221751.2020.1803146

2222-1751

Joilson Xavier, Marta Giovanetti, Talita Adelino, Vagner Fonseca, Alana Vitor Barbosa da Costa, Adriana Aparecida Ribeiro, Katlin Nascimento Felicio, Clara Guerra-Duarte, Marcos Vinícius Ferreira Silva, Álvaro Salgado, Maurício Lima, Ronaldo de Jesus, Allison Fabri, Cristiane Franco Soares Zoboli, Thales Gutemberg Souza Santos, Felipe Campos de Melo Iani, Massimo Ciccozzi, Ana María Bispo de Filippis, Marilda Mendonça Siqueira, André Luiz de Abreu, Vasco Azevedo, Dario Brock Ramalho, Carlos F. Campelo de Albuquerque, Túlio de Oliveira, Edward C. Holmes, José Lourenço, Luíz Carlos Júnior Alcântara, Marluce Aparecida Assunção Oliveira,

Animal Virus Infections Studies

The recent emergence of a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has had major public health and economic consequences. Although 61,888 confirmed cases were reported in Brazil by 28 April 2020, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this country. To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Both the genome analyses and the geographical distribution of reported cases indicate for multiple independent introductions into MG. Epidemiological estimates of the reproductive number (R) using different data sources and theoretical assumptions suggest the potential for sustained virus transmission despite a reduction in R from the first reported case to the end of April 2020. The estimated date of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Brazil was consistent with epidemiological data from the first case of a returned traveller from Lombardy, Italy. These findings highlight the nature of the COVID-19 epidemic in MG and reinforce the need for real-time and continued genomic surveillance strategies to better understand and prepare for the epidemic spread of emerging viral pathogens..