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Improvement in recurrent anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody - positive cerebral cortical encephalitis not requiring anti - inflammatory therapy following the decrease in cytokine/chemokine levels

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 43; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.msard.2020.102168

2211-0356

Tomoko Takamatsu, Gaku Yamanaka, Hideko Uryu, Mika Takeshita, Natsumi Morishita, Shinichiro Morıchı, Yu Ishida, Shingo Oana, Hiroo Terashi, Hiroyuki Shichino, Hiroshi Sakuma, Hisashi Kawashima,

RNA regulation and disease

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)-positive cerebral cortical encephalitis (CCE) is a recently reported condition, which reportedly improves with anti-inflammatory therapy including steroids or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment ( Mariotto et al., 2017 Mariotto S. Monaco S. Peschl P. Coledan I. Mazzi R. Hoftberger R. Reindl M. Ferrari S. MOG antibody seropositivity in a patient with encephalitis: beyond the classical syndrome. BMC Neurol. 2017; 17: 190 Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar ; Ogawa et al., 2017 Ogawa R. Nakashima I. Takahashi T. Kaneko K. Akaishi T. Takai Y. Sato D.K. Nishiyama S. Misu T. Kuroda H. Aoki M. Fujihara K. MOG antibody-positive, benign, unilateral, cerebral cortical encephalitis with epilepsy. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017; 4: e322 Crossref PubMed Scopus (258) Google Scholar ). Recently, a 22-year-old woman with MOG-Ab-positive CCE presented with a considerably benign clinical course and improved rapidly without immunotherapy ( Otani et al., 2020 Otani T. Irioka T. Igarashi S. Kaneko K. Takahashi T. Yokota T. Self-remitting cerebral cortical encephalitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody mimicking acute viral encephalitis: A case report. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2020; 41102033 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar ). Herein, we present the case of a pediatric patient with recurrent CCE, who recovered from recurrent episodes, with the administration of an antiepileptic drug (carbamazepine) only, without the need for immunotherapy. Moreover, various cytokines/chemokines, especially Th 17-related inflammatory cytokines, which were elevated, decreased after the MOG-Ab disappeared following the third recurrence.