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Effects of exercise on physical outcomes of breast cancer survivors receiving hormone therapy – A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 141; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.06.022

1873-4111

Leonessa Boing, Melissa de Carvalho Souza Vieira, Jéssica Moratelli, Anke Bergmann, Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo Guimarães,

Nutrition and Health in Aging

Background Side-effects of hormone therapy can impair the physical health of breast cancer survivors. Exercise has been clearly shown to improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Less is known about the effects of exercise on physical outcomes for breast cancer survivors receiving hormone therapy. Objective To investigate the effects of exercise on physical outcomes of breast cancer survivors receiving hormone therapy. Methods Five electronic databases were searched by two authors using the terms "Breast Neoplasms" [MeSH] and "Tamoxifen" [MeSH] and "Aromatase Inhibitors" [MeSH] and "Exercise" [MeSH]. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials were included. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration tool and ROBINS-I, and the quality of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Pooled effects were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using a random effects model. Results Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Two hundred and fourteen breast cancer survivors receiving hormone therapy, tamoxifen, or aromatase inhibitors participated in interventions based on aerobic plus resistance exercise or walking activity. The physical outcomes reported in the articles were: cardiorespiratory fitness, pain, bone mineral density, grip strength, and body fat percentage. Exercise effects were found only for cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD = 0.37; 95 % CI: 0.11; 0.63; I2 = 93 %) and pain (SMD = −0.55; IC95 % −1.11; −0.00; I2 = 80 %), with low quality of evidence. No effects were observed for the other variables. Conclusions Aerobic plus resistance exercise had positive effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and pain in breast cancer survivors receiving hormone therapy. However, high-quality randomized clinical trials are required to confirm this finding.