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Chemical constituents of Calotropis procera latex and ultrastructural effects on Haemonchus contortus

2020; Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria; Volume: 29; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1590/s1984-29612020045

1984-2961

Géssica Soares Cavalcante, Selene Maia de Morais, Weibson Paz Pinheiro André, José Vilemar de Araújo Filho, Celli Rodrigues Muniz, Letícia Oliveira da Rocha, Wesley Lyeverton Correia Ribeiro, Ana Lívya Moreira Rodrigues, Lorena Mayana Beserra de Oliveira, Cláudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua, Márcio V. Ramos,

Cynara cardunculus studies

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic and ultrastructural effects of Calotropis procera latex on Haemonchus contortus. C. procera latex was twice centrifuged at 10,000×g and dialyzed to obtain a fraction rich in proteins, named LP (latex protein), and at 3,000 rpm to obtain a fraction rich in secondary metabolites, named LNP (latex non-protein). Specimens of H. contortus exposed to LNP, LP and PBS in the Adult Worm Motility Test (AWMT) were submitted to scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy to verify changes in their ultrastructure. Phytochemical tests in the LNP indicated the presence of phenols, steroids, alkaloids and cardenolides. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) characterized the presence of the compounds gallic acid and quercetin in the LNP. The protein content in the LP was 43.1 ± 1.1 mg/mL and 7.7 ± 0.3 mg/mL in LNP. In AWMT, LNP and LP inhibited the motility of 100% of the nematodes, with LNP being more effective than LP and ivermectin more effective than both (p <0.05). Cuticle changes were observed by SEM and TEM in nematodes treated with LP and LNP. Calotropis procera latex has anthelmintic effects against H. contortus, causing damage to its cuticle and other alterations in its ultrastructure.