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Assessing the eco-efficiency of different poultry production systems: an approach using life cycle assessment and economic value added

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 24; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.spc.2020.07.007

2352-5509

Gabrielli do Carmo Martinelli, Everton Vogel, Michel Decian, Maycon Jorge Ulisses Saraiva Farinha, Luciana Virgínia Mário Bernardo, João Augusto Rossi Borges, Régio Márcio Toesca Gimenes, Rodrigo Garófallo Garcia, Clândio Favarini Ruviaro,

Sustainable Supply Chain Management

The consumption of poultry meat as a source of animal protein has been increasing worldwide, especially in emerging countries' economies. Due to the growing demand for this protein, we seek to evaluate the eco-efficiency of poultry production systems, namely positive pressure, dark house, and organic systems, in the South region of Brazil. To achieve the proposed objective, two methods were used: life cycle assessment and economic value added, considering the functional unit of one kg of live chicken ready for slaughter, specifically from the cradle to farm gate. The results show that most of the environmental impacts are from the production of grains for the manufacture of animal feed and, consequently, from the electric energy consumed by the equipment of the aviaries. Conventional systems show negative results for economic value added/kg, evidencing the destruction of the producers' economic value, that is, the capital invested is not remunerated proportionally to the risk assumed in the activity, with environmental impacts similar as dark house systems. Poultry produced in organic systems showed the best economic performance (economic value added/kg). However, they cause a slightly greater environmental impact than other systems. In order to minimize uncertainties regarding the results obtained, a sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulation were performed, identifying net operating revenue and invested capital as the variables with the greatest and least impacts on the value of economic value added/kg in all types of production systems analyzed.