Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Multicenter evaluation of a syndromic rapid multiplex PCR test for early adaptation of antimicrobial therapy in adult patients with pneumonia

2020; BioMed Central; Volume: 24; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1186/s13054-020-03114-y

ISSN

1466-609X

Autores

Céline Monard, Jonathan Pehlivan, Gabriel Auger, Sophie Alviset, Alexy Tran‐Dinh, Paul Duquaire, Nabil Gastli, Camille d’Humières, Adel Maamar, A. Boibieux, M. Baldeyrou, Julien Loubinoux, Olivier Dauwalder, Vincent Cattoir, Laurence Armand-Lefèvre, Solen Kernéis, Agathe Becker, Julien Charpentier, Julien Textoris, Claude-Alexandre Gustave, Grégory Destras, François Vandenesch, Bruno Lina, Jean‐Sébastien Casalegno, Manon Lejeune, Philippe Montravers, Claire Poyart, H. Tête, Jean‐François Timsit, Thomas Uberti,

Tópico(s)

Nosocomial Infections in ICU

Resumo

Improving timeliness of pathogen identification is crucial to allow early adaptation of antibiotic therapy and improve prognosis in patients with pneumonia. We evaluated the relevance of a new syndromic rapid multiplex PCR test (rm-PCR) on respiratory samples to guide empirical antimicrobial therapy in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP).This retrospective multicenter study was conducted in four French university hospitals. Respiratory samples were obtained from patients with clinical and radiological signs of pneumonia and simultaneously tested using conventional microbiological methods and the rm-PCR. A committee composed of an intensivist, a microbiologist, and an infectious diseases specialist retrospectively assessed all medical files and agreed on the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy for each pneumonia episode, according to the results of rm-PCR and blinded to the culture results. The rm-PCR-guided antimicrobial regimen was compared to the empirical treatment routinely administered to the patient in standard care.We included 159 pneumonia episodes. Most patients were hospitalized in intensive care units (n = 129, 81%), and episodes were HAP (n = 68, 43%), CAP (n = 54, 34%), and VAP (n = 37, 23%). Conventional culture isolated ≥ 1 microorganism(s) at significant level in 95 (60%) patients. The syndromic rm-PCR detected at least one bacteria in 132 (83%) episodes. Based on the results of the rm-PCR, the multidisciplinary committee proposed a modification of the empirical therapy in 123 (77%) pneumonia episodes. The modification was a de-escalation in 63 (40%), an escalation in 35 (22%), and undetermined in 25 (16%) patients. In microbiologically documented episodes (n = 95), the rm-PCR increased appropriateness of the empirical therapy to 83 (87%), as compared to 73 (77%) in routine care.Use of a syndromic rm-PCR test has the potential to reduce unnecessary antimicrobial exposure and increase the appropriateness of empirical antibiotic therapy in adult patients with pneumonia.

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