Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks
2020; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 583; Issue: 7818 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1038/s41586-020-2519-y
ISSN1476-4687
AutoresM. Aaron MacNeil, Demian D. Chapman, Michelle R. Heupel, Colin A. Simpfendorfer, Michael R. Heithaus, Mark G. Meekan, Euan S. Harvey, Jordan S. Goetze, Jérémy J. Kiszka, Mark E. Bond, Leanne M. Currey‐Randall, Conrad W. Speed, C. Samantha Sherman, Matthew J. Rees, Vinay Udyawer, Kathryn I. Flowers, Gina M. Clementi, Jasmine Valentin-Albanese, Taylor Gorham, M. Shiham Adam, Khadeeja Ali, Fabián Pina-Amargós, Jorge A. Angulo‐Valdés, Jacob Asher, Laura García Barcia, Océane Beaufort, Cecilie Benjamin, Anthony T.F. Bernard, Michael L. Berumen, Stacy L. Bierwagen, Erika Bonnema, Rosalind M. K. Bown, Darcy Bradley, Edd Brooks, Judith Brown, Dayne Buddo, Patrick J. Burke, Camila Cáceres, Diego Cardeñosa, Jeffrey C. Carrier, Jennifer E. Caselle, Venkatesh Charloo, Thomas Claverie, Éric Clua, Jesse E. M. Cochran, Neil D. Cook, Jessica E. Cramp, Brooke M. D’Alberto, Martin de Graaf, Mareike Dornhege, Andy Estep, Lanya Fanovich, Naomi F. Farabaugh, Daniel Fernando, Anna L. Flam, Camilla Floros, Virginia Fourqurean, Ricardo Clapis Garla, Kirk Gastrich, Lachlan George, Rory Graham, Tristan L. Guttridge, Royale S. Hardenstine, Stephen M. Heck, Aaron C. Henderson, Heidi Hertler, Robert E. Hueter, Mohini Johnson, Stacy D. Jupiter, Devanshi Kasana, Steven T. Kessel, Benedict Kiilu, Taratu Kirata, Baraka Kuguru, Fabian Kyne, Tim Langlois, Elodie J. I. Lédée, Steven J. Lindfield, Andrea Luna‐Acosta, JQ Maggs, B. Mabel Manjaji‐Matsumoto, Andrea D. Marshall, Philip Matich, Erin McCombs, Dianne McLean, Llewelyn Meggs, S. Moore, Sushmita Mukherji, Ryan Murray, Muslimin Kaimuddin, Stephen J. Newman, Josep Nogués, Clay Obota, Owen R. O’Shea, Kennedy Osuka, Yannis P. Papastamatiou, Nishan Perera, Bradley J. Peterson, Alessandro Ponzo, Andhika Prima Prasetyo, L. M. Sjamsul Quamar, Jessica Quinlan, Alexei Ruiz‐Abierno, Enric Sala, Melita Samoilys, Michelle Schärer‐Umpierre, Audrey Schlaff, Nikola Simpson, Adam N. H. Smith, Lauren Sparks, Akshay Tanna, Rubén Torres, Michael J. Travers, Maurits P. M. van Zinnicq Bergmann, Laurent Vigliola, Juney Ward, Alexandra M. Watts, Colin Kuo-Chang Wen, Elizabeth Whitman, Aaron J. Wirsing, Aljoscha Wothke, Esteban Zarza-González, Joshua E. Cinner,
Tópico(s)Marine and fisheries research
ResumoDecades of overexploitation have devastated shark populations, leaving considerable doubt as to their ecological status1,2. Yet much of what is known about sharks has been inferred from catch records in industrial fisheries, whereas far less information is available about sharks that live in coastal habitats3. Here we address this knowledge gap using data from more than 15,000 standardized baited remote underwater video stations that were deployed on 371 reefs in 58 nations to estimate the conservation status of reef sharks globally. Our results reveal the profound impact that fishing has had on reef shark populations: we observed no sharks on almost 20% of the surveyed reefs. Reef sharks were almost completely absent from reefs in several nations, and shark depletion was strongly related to socio-economic conditions such as the size and proximity of the nearest market, poor governance and the density of the human population. However, opportunities for the conservation of reef sharks remain: shark sanctuaries, closed areas, catch limits and an absence of gillnets and longlines were associated with a substantially higher relative abundance of reef sharks. These results reveal several policy pathways for the restoration and management of reef shark populations, from direct top-down management of fishing to indirect improvement of governance conditions. Reef shark populations will only have a high chance of recovery by engaging key socio-economic aspects of tropical fisheries. Fishing has had a profound impact on global reef shark populations, and the absence or presence of sharks is strongly correlated with national socio-economic conditions and reef governance.
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