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Detection of COVID-19: A review of the current literature and future perspectives

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 166; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.bios.2020.112455

1873-4235

Tianxing Ji, Zhenwei Liu, Guoqiang Wang, Xu‐Guang Guo, Shahzad Akbar Khan, Changchun Lai, Haoyu Chen, Shiwen Huang, Shaomei Xia, Bo Chen, Hongyun Jia, Yangchao Chen, Qiang Zhou,

Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques

The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide pandemic. This unprecedented situation has garnered worldwide attention. An effective strategy for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic is to develop highly accurate methods for the rapid identification and isolation of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Many companies and institutes are therefore striving to develop effective methods for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA), antibodies, antigens, and the virus. In this review, we summarize the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, its genome and gene expression characteristics, and the current progression of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, antibodies, antigens, and virus detection. Further, we discuss the reasons for the observed false-negative and false-positive RNA and antibody detection results in practical clinical applications. Finally, we provide a review of the biosensors which hold promising potential for point-of-care detection of COVID-19 patients. This review thereby provides general guidelines for both scientists in the biosensing research community and for those in the biosensor industry to develop a highly sensitive and accurate point-of-care COVID-19 detection system, which would be of enormous benefit for controlling the current COVID-19 pandemic.