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First Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea Causing Leaf Spot and Wilt on Celtis sinensis in China

2020; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 105; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-06-20-1172-pdn

1943-7692

Huizheng Wang, Shilong Wang, Yubin Lan,

Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 1First Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea Causing Leaf Spot and Wilt on Celtis sinensis in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea Causing Leaf Spot and Wilt on Celtis sinensis in ChinaHuizheng Wang, Shilong Wang, and Yubin LanHuizheng Wang†Corresponding author: H. Z. Wang; E-mail Address: hzwang@sdut.edu.cnhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2771-2836College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China, Shilong WangZibo Agricultural and Rural Service Center, Zibo 255033, China, and Yubin LanCollege of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Huizheng Wang1 † Shilong Wang2 Yubin Lan1 1College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China 2Zibo Agricultural and Rural Service Center, Zibo 255033, China Published Online:17 Nov 2020https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-20-1172-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFPDF PlusSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleCeltis sinensis Pers. (Chinese hackberry), belonging to the family Ulmaceae, is widely used as a street tree or landscape plant because of its long life and beautiful posture. In addition, C. sinensis has high economic and medicinal values; its roots and bark can be used for the treatment of lumbago, measles, tumors, and so on (Zhang et al. 2016). In July 2019, symptoms of leaf spot were observed on C. sinensis in Yunshan National Forest Park of Zibo, Shandong Province, China (36.48°N, 117.84°E). We surveyed more than 500 m2 of forest area, and the disease incidence was over 80%, which seriously affected the ornamental effect. Symptoms on infected leaves appeared as regular round or oval spots, yellow colored with brown borders, and the areas of the lesion were connected into an irregular spot as the disease progressed. Twenty leaves of infected tissues were cut into ∼2-mm pieces and surface disinfected with 75% ethanol for 30 s, rinsed three times with sterile deionized water, and air dried, and then the segments were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C for 5 to 7 days. More than 15 isolates were obtained, and cultures were initially white, gradually becoming gray green to dark after 1 week, producing copious gray aerial mycelium. Three representative single isolates were used for molecular identification, which were verified based on the amplification of DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer region, translation elongation factor 1 alpha, and beta-tubulin genes, using the primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone and Kohn 1999), and BT-2a/BT-2b (Glass and Donaldson 1995), respectively. The sequenced genes (GenBank accession nos. MT367874, MT385087, MT374083) exhibited 99.63% (identity = 545/547), 99.00% (identity = 297/300), and 100.00% (identity = 451/451) homology with the corresponding genes of type specimen of Botryosphaeria dothidea strain CBS110302 (GenBank accession nos. AY259092, AY573218, EU673106), respectively. Morphological and molecular results showed that the isolates were B. dothidea (Slippers et al. 2014; Zhai et al. 2014). A pathogenicity test was confirmed using five living, healthy C. sinensis plants with three leaves wound inoculated with mycelial plugs (about 4 mm in diameter) of B. dothidea from a 7-day-old culture grown on PDA, and inoculation with sterile PDA plugs on the same leaves served as negative controls. All the treated plants were covered by plastic sheeting and kept at high relative humidity by adding water regularly. Seven days later, all inoculated leaves displayed round, dark brown spots which were larger than those discovered outdoors, whereas no symptoms appeared on negative controls. Pathogens reisolated from inoculated leaves were confirmed as B. dothidea on account of morphological and molecular results, and the pathogenicity test was repeated three times to confirm Koch's postulates, which showed similar results. Based on the above descriptions and characteristics, the causal agent on C. sinensis was confirmed as B. dothidea. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of B. dothidea affecting C. sinensis plants in China. This finding is beneficial to the protection and application of C. sinensis, a very common greening tree species.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Carbone, I., and Kohn, L. M. 1999. Mycologia 91:553. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1999.12061051 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarGlass, N. L., and Donaldson, G. C. 1995. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1323. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.61.4.1323-1330.1995 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarSlippers, B., et al. 2014. Persoonia 33:155. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158514X684780 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarZhai, L. F., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:716. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1060-RE Link, ISI, Google ScholarZhang, X. B., et al. 2016. J. Nanjing Norm. Univ. 39:4. Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: This research was financially supported by the Top Talents Program for One Case One Discussion of Shandong Province, the Science and Technology Development Program of Zibo (2018kj010073), and Key R&D Program of Zibo (2019ZBXC200).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 1 January 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionTypical symptoms of star anise spot disease caused by Alternaria tenuissima (J.-L. Lai et al.). Photo credit: J.-L. Lai. Water drops rolling over a strawberry leaf blade with a sporulating lesion of powdery mildew (B. Asalf et al.). Photo credit: B. Asalf. Metrics Downloaded 613 times Article History Issue Date: 8 Jan 2021Published: 17 Nov 2020First Look: 6 Aug 2020Accepted: 5 Aug 2020 Page: 217 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfungiornamentalswoody ornamentalspathogen diversityThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited ByDiversity of Botryosphaeriaceae Species Associated with Chinese Hickory Tree (Carya cathayensis) Trunk CankersC. J. Zhuang, Q. W. Wang, Q. Q. Wu, Z. L. Qiu, B. C. Xu, and C. Q. Zhang30 November 2021 | Plant Disease, Vol. 105, No. 12First Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea Causing Leaf Spot on Kadsura coccinea in ChinaDan Su, Wenhao Zhang, Rui Sun, Zhuting Zhang, and Guozhong Lyu4 October 2021 | Plant Disease, Vol. 105, No. 9First Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea Causing Stem Canker on Soybean in ChinaT.-M. Chen, X.-C. Shi, S.-Y. Wang, and P. Laborda23 March 2021 | Plant Disease, Vol. 105, No. 4