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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 8; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30328-3

2213-2619

Matthieu Schmidt, David Hajage, Guillaume Lebreton, Antoine Monsel, Guillaume Voiriot, David Levy, Ėlodie Baron, Alexandra Beurton, Juliette Chommeloux, Paris Meng, Safaa Nemlaghi, Pierre Bay, Pascal Leprince, Alexandre Demoule, Bertrand Guidet, Jean Michel Constantin, Muriel Fartoukh, Martin Dres, Alain Combes, Charles‐Édouard Luyt, Guillaume Hékimian, Nicolas Bréchot, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Cyrielle Desnos, Jérémy Arzoine, Emmanuelle Guerin, Thibaut Schoell, Pierre Demondion, Charles Juvin, Nathalie Nardonne, Sofica Marin, Cossimo d'Alessandro, Bao-long Nguyen, Cyril Quémeneur, Arthur James, Mona Assefi, Victoria Lepère, Guillaume Savary, Aude Gibelin, Matthieu Turpin, Alexandre Elabbadi, Emilio Berti, Corinne Vézinet, Harold Bonvallot, Pierre-Romain Delmotte, Martin De Sarcus, Charlotte Du Fayet de La Tour, Samia Abbas, Éric Maury, Jean‐Luc Baudel, Jean-Rémi Lavillegrand, Hafid Aït-Oufella, Abdelkrim Abdelmalek, Thomas Urbina, Sara Virolle, Robin Déléris, Vincent Bonny, Julien Le Marec, Julien Mayaux, Élise Morawiec,

Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders

BackgroundPatients with COVID-19 who develop severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can have symptoms that rapidly evolve to profound hypoxaemia and death. The efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for patients with severe ARDS in the context of COVID-19 is unclear. We aimed to establish the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with respiratory failure and COVID-19 treated with ECMO.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was done in the Paris–Sorbonne University Hospital Network, comprising five intensive care units (ICUs) and included patients who received ECMO for COVID-19 associated ARDS. Patient demographics and daily pre-ECMO and on-ECMO data and outcomes were collected. Possible outcomes over time were categorised into four different states (states 1–4): on ECMO, in the ICU and weaned off ECMO, alive and out of ICU, or death. Daily probabilities of occupation in each state and of transitions between these states until day 90 post-ECMO onset were estimated with use of a multi-state Cox model stratified for each possible transition. Follow-up was right-censored on July 10, 2020.FindingsFrom March 8 to May 2, 2020, 492 patients with COVID-19 were treated in our ICUs. Complete day-60 follow-up was available for 83 patients (median age 49 [IQR 41–56] years and 61 [73%] men) who received ECMO. Pre-ECMO, 78 (94%) patients had been prone-positioned; their median driving pressure was 18 (IQR 16–21) cm H2O and PaO2/FiO2 was 60 (54–68) mm Hg. At 60 days post-ECMO initiation, the estimated probabilities of occupation in each state were 6% (95% CI 3–14) for state 1, 18% (11–28) for state 2, 45% (35–56) for state 3, and 31% (22–42) for state 4. 35 (42%) patients had major bleeding and four (5%) had a haemorrhagic stroke. 30 patients died.InterpretationThe estimated 60-day survival of ECMO-rescued patients with COVID-19 was similar to that of studies published in the past 2 years on ECMO for severe ARDS. If another COVID-19 outbreak occurs, ECMO should be considered for patients developing refractory respiratory failure despite optimised care.FundingNone.