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Anticoagulant treatment in COVID-19: a narrative review

2020; Springer Science+Business Media; Volume: 51; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/s11239-020-02242-0

1573-742X

Vincenzo Carfora, Giorgio Spiniello, Riccardo Ricciolino, Marco Di Mauro, Marco Giuseppe Migliaccio, Filiberto Fausto Mottola, Nicoletta Verde, Nicola Coppola, Nicola Coppola, Caterina Sagnelli, Stefania De Pascalis, Maria Stanzione, Gianfranca Stornaiuolo, Angela Cascone, Salvatore Martini, Margherita Macera, Caterina Monari, Federica Calò, Andrea Bianco, Antonio Russo, Valeria Gentile, Clarissa Camaioni, Giulia De Angelis, Giulia Marino, Roberta Astorri, Ilario de Sio, Marco Niosi, Serena Borrelli, Benito Celia, M Ceparano, Salvatore Cirillo, María De Luca, Grazia Mazzeo, Giorgio Paoli, Maria Giovanna Russo, Vincenzo Carfora, Marco Di Mauro, Marco Giuseppe Migliaccio, Filiberto Fausto Mottola, Riccardo Ricciolino, Giorgio Spiniello, Nicoletta Verde,

Long-Term Effects of COVID-19

Abstract The actual Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) pandemic is due to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the coronavirus family. Besides the respiratory involvement, COVID 19 patients frequently develop a pro-coagulative state caused by virus-induced endothelial dysfunction, cytokine storm and complement cascade hyperactivation. It is common to observe diffuse microvascular thrombi in multiple organs, mostly in pulmonary microvessels. Thrombotic risk seems to be directly related to disease severity and worsens patients’ prognosis. Therefore, the correct understanding of the mechanisms underlying COVID-19 induced prothrombotic state can lead to a thorough assessment of the possible management strategies. Hence, we review the pathogenesis and therapy of COVID 19-related thrombosis disease, focusing on the available evidence on the possible treatment strategies and proposing an algorithm for the anticoagulation strategy based on disease severity.