Further retractions of articles by Joachim Boldt
2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 125; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/j.bja.2020.02.024
ISSN1471-6771
AutoresHugh C. Hemmings, Steven L. Shafer,
ResumoThe research fraud of Joachim Boldt initially appeared in a Notice of Retraction that appeared in the December 2010 issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia.1Shafer S.L. Notice of retraction.Anesth Analg. 2010; 111: 1567Crossref PubMed Scopus (35) Google Scholar A subsequent review by Landesärztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz (LÄK-RLP), the State Medical Association of Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany, reviewed 74 papers authored by Boldt (Editors-in-Chief Statement regarding IRB Approval of Clinical Trials by Joachim Boldt. Available as Digital Supplement 1). Of these, 30 papers appeared to describe human research conducted without IRB approval. A subsequent review of research by Klinikum Ludwigshafen, the institution where Boldt worked during much of his career, identified 16 manuscripts by Boldt for which the reviewers could not find evidence that the research had been conducted as published (https://www.klilu.de/presse_termine/pressemitteilungen/pressearchiv/2012/hospital_presents_results_of_final_report_committee_completes_investigation_in_the_case_of_dr_boldt, accessed December 27, 2019. The report of the committee is available as Digital Supplement 2). The British Journal of Anaesthesia recently learned of a final report reviewing the conduct of research conducted by Boldt under the auspices of Justus Liebig University Giessen (Mukherjee J. Statement on the scientific credibility of articles published by Joachim Boldt, formerly professor at Justus Liebig University (JLU), Giessen, Germany. Available as Digital Supplement 3). The authors of the report identified many inconsistencies in the data and publications conducted by Boldt at that university. Their report includes the following recommendation: 'In view of these inconsistencies and Dr Boldt's misconduct in this and many other aspects of scientific integrity, JLU recommends that journal editors retract all papers where Boldt is the responsible author even if there is no obvious indication of falsification'. Based on this guidance, the British Journal of Anaesthesia hereby retracts all articles by Boldt describing research performed at Justus Liebig University Giessen that are published in the journal. These retracted papers appear in Table 1. Boldt published four review articles in the British Journal of Anaesthesia. These reviews knowingly cite his own fraudulent research, and we believe that review articles that knowingly cite fraudulent research also merit retraction. We are therefore retracting these four review articles by Boldt as well. These retracted papers appear in Table 2.Table 1Research articles published in the British Journal of Anaesthesia by Joachim Boldt from Justus Liebig University, Giessen, retracted for fraud.Boldt J, Kling D, Zickmann B, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. Haemodynamic effects of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor enoximone in comparison with dobutamine in esmolol-treated cardiac surgery patients. Br J Anaesth 1990; 64: 611–6Boldt J, Zickmann B, Herold C, Ballesteros M, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. Influence of hypertonic volume replacement on the microcirculation in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1991; 67: 595–602Boldt J, Knothe C, Zickmann B, Ballesteros M, Russ W, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. The role of enoximone in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69: 45–50Boldt J, Knothe C, Schindler E, Hammermann H, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. Volume replacement with hydroxyethyl starch solution in children. Br J Anaesth 1993; 70: 661–5Boldt J, Knothe C, Zickmann B, Hammermann H, Stertman WA, Hempelmann G. Does correction of acidosis influence microcirculatory blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass? Br J Anaesth 1993; 71: 277–81Boldt J, Schindler E, Osmer C, Wittstock M, Stertmann WA, Hempelmann G. Influence of different anticoagulation regimens on platelet function during cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1994; 73: 639–44Boldt J, Schindler E, Knothe C, Welters I, Stertmann WA, Hempelmann G. Endothelial-related coagulation in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1995; 74: 174–9Boldt J, Heesen M, Welters I, Padberg W, Martin K, Hempelmann G. Does the type of volume therapy influence endothelial-related coagulation in the critically ill? Br J Anaesth 1995; 75: 740–6Boldt J, Papsdorf M, Uphus D, Müller M, Hempelmann G. Changes in regulators of the circulation in patients undergoing lung surgery. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79: 733–9 Open table in a new tab Table 2Review articles published in the British Journal of Anaesthesia by Joachim Boldt retracted for knowingly citing fraudulent work.Boldt J. Volume replacement in the surgical patient—does the type of solution make a difference? Br J Anaesth 2000; 84: 783–93Boldt J. The balanced concept of fluid resuscitation. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99: 312–5Boldt J. Seven misconceptions regarding volume therapy strategies—and their correction. Br J Anaesth 2009; 103: 147–51Boldt J. Use of albumin: an update. Br J Anaesth 2010; 104: 276–84 Open table in a new tab Table 3 lists the articles published by Boldt in the British Journal of Anaesthesia. All but one of these are now retracted. The unimpeached paper is a case report by Lehmann and colleagues, for which Boldt is a coauthor. We do not have evidence that Boldt, one of several authors of this case report, fabricated the details about the case. Therefore, we are leaving this case report in the unimpeached medical literature.Table 3All papers by Joachim Boldt published in the British Journal of Anaesthesia.StatusCommentBoldt J, Kling D, Zickmann B, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. Haemodynamic effects of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor enoximone in comparison with dobutamine in esmolol-treated cardiac surgery patients. Br J Anaesth 1990; 64: 611–6Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Zickmann B, Herold C, Ballesteros M, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. Influence of hypertonic volume replacement on the microcirculation in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1991; 67: 595–602Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Knothe C, Zickmann B, Ballesteros M, Russ W, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. The role of enoximone in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69: 45–50Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Knothe C, Schindler E, Hammermann H, Dapper F, Hempelmann G. Volume replacement with hydroxyethyl starch solution in children. Br J Anaesth 1993; 70: 661–5Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Knothe C, Zickmann B, Hammermann H, Stertman WA, Hempelmann G. Does correction of acidosis influence microcirculatory blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass? Br J Anaesth 1993; 71: 277–81Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Schindler E, Osmer C, Wittstock M, Stertmann WA, Hempelmann G. Influence of different anticoagulation regimens on platelet function during cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1994; 73: 639–44Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Schindler E, Knothe C, Welters I, Stertmann WA, Hempelmann G. Endothelial-related coagulation in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1995; 74: 174–9Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Heesen M, Welters I, Padberg W, tin K, Hempelmann G. Does the type of volume therapy influence endothelial-related coagulation in the critically ill? Br J Anaesth 1995; 75: 740–6Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Mueller M, Menges T, Papsdorf M, Hempelmann G. Influence of different volume therapy regimens on regulators of the circulation in the critically ill. Br J Anaesth 1996; 77: 480–7. Retraction in: Br J Anaesth 2014; 112: 397Previously retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J, Papsdorf M, Uphus D, Müller M, Hempelmann G. Changes in regulators of the circulation in patients undergoing lung surgery. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79: 733–9Hereby retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenLehmann A, Faust K, Boldt J, Lang J, Thaler E, Werling C. Dynamic cardiomyoplasty in patients with end-stage heart failure: anaesthetic considerations. Br J Anaesth 1999; 82: 140–3Not retracted2 case reportsBoldt J, Weber A, Mailer K, Papsdorf M, Schuster P. Acute normovolaemic haemodilution vs controlled hypotension for reducing the use of allogeneic blood in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Br J Anaesth 1999; 82: 170–4. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Justus Liebig University GiessenBoldt J. Volume replacement in the surgical patient—does the type of solution make a difference? Br J Anaesth 2000; 84: 783–93Hereby retractedReview citing retracted papersHüttner I, Boldt J, Haisch G, Suttner S, Kumle B, Schulz H. Influence of different colloids on molecularkers of haemostasis and platelet function in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Br J Anaesth 2000; 85: 417–23. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenBoldt J, Hüttner I, Suttner S, Kumle B, Piper SN, Berchthold G. Changes of haemostasis in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery—is there a difference between elderly and younger patients? Br J Anaesth 2001; 87: 435–40. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenSuttner SW, Piper SN, Lang K, Hüttner I, Kumle B, Boldt J. Cerebral effects and blood sparing efficiency of sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension alone and in combination with acute normovolaemic haemodilution. Br J Anaesth 2001; 87: 699–705. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenBoldt J, Haisch G, Suttner S, Kumle B, Schellhaass A. Effects of a new modified, balanced hydroxyethyl starch preparation (Hextend) on measures of coagulation. Br J Anaesth 2002; 89: 722–8. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenPiper SN, Röhm KD, Boldt J, Faust KL, Maleck WH, Kranke P, Suttner SW. Inspired oxygen fraction of 0.8 compared with 0.4 does not further reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting in dolasetron-treated patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Anaesth 2006; 97: 647–53. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenMayer J, Boldt J, Schöllhorn T, Röhm KD, Mengistu AM, Suttner S. Semi-invasive monitoring of cardiac output by a new device using arterial pressure waveform analysis: a comparison with intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2007; 98: 176–82. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenBoldt J. The balanced concept of fluid resuscitation. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99: 312–5Hereby retractedReview citing retracted papersBoldt J, Brosch Ch, Röhm K, Papsdorf M, Mengistu A. Comparison of the effects of gelatin and a modern hydroxyethyl starch solution on renal function and inflammatory response in elderly cardiac surgery patients. Br J Anaesth 2008; 100: 457–64. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenBoldt J, Suttner S, Brosch C, Lehmann A, Mengistu A. Influence on coagulation of a potato-derived hydroxethylstarch (HES 130/0.42) and a maize-derived hydroxethylstarch (HES 130/0.4) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102: 191–7. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenSuttner S, Boldt J, Mengistu A, Lang K, Mayer J. Influence of continuous perioperative beta-blockade in combination with phosphodiesterase inhibition on haemodynamics and myocardial ischaemia in high-risk vascular surgery patients. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102: 597–607. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenMayer J, Boldt J, Beschmann R, Stephan A, Suttner S. Uncalibrated arterial pressure waveform analysis for less-invasive cardiac output determination in obese patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2009; 103: 185–90. Retraction in: Reilly C. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 116–7Previously retractedFrom Medicine Klinikum der Stadt LudwigshafenBoldt J. Seven misconceptions regarding volume therapy strategies—and their correction. Br J Anaesth 2009; 103: 147–51Hereby retractedReview citing retracted papersBoldt J. Use of albumin: an update. Br J Anaesth 2010; 104: 276–84Hereby retractedReview citing retracted papers Open table in a new tab HCH is editor-in-chief of the British Journal of Anaesthesia. SLS is a member of the editorial board of the British Journal of Anaesthesia. 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