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Drip irrigated paddy: An adaptation strategy to mitigate the climate change

2019; AkiNik Publications; Volume: 8; Linguagem: Inglês

2349-8234

T. Ramesh, S. Rathika, Ravi, R Sabarinathan, Eli Vered,

Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact

A field experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai to quantify the greenhouse gases (CH4, CO2 and N2O gas flux) emission in drip irrigated paddy in comparison with conventional flooded paddy. Gas flux was collected during critical stages of rice by static chambers installed in the field. Gas chromatography Varian 450 equipped with three different detectors was used for gas analysis. Results on greenhouse gases (GHG) emission revealed that drip irrigated paddy emitted lesser methane as compared to transplanted paddy in all stages of sampling. In tillering stage, both Hybrid CORH 3 and variety ADT 45 under drip irrigated system emitted lesser quantum of CH4 as compared to transplanted paddy (9.31 mg/m2/day). Comparing two cultivars under drip system, variety ADT 45 emitted more CH4 (6.37 mg/m2/day) than Hybrid CORH3 (3.97 mg/m2/day). In case of CO2, drip irrigated paddy emitted higher CO2 during tillering stage (CORH3-4107.1 mg/m2/day and ADT45-5184.2 mg/m2/day) over conventional paddy (1061.4 mg/m2/day). Variety ADT 45 emitted more CO2 in all stages than Hybrid CORH3 under drip irrigated system. The quantification of N2O emission revealed that there was not much variation during early stages of crop growth in both drip and conventional system of planting. However, flooded paddy emitted higher NO2 in both flowering (2.3 mg/m2/day) and maturity stages (2.9 mg/m2/day) over drip irrigated paddy (0.5 mg/m2/day in both stages). In general, CH4 and CO2 emission were higher during tillering stage with steady decline in later stages in drip irrigated paddy. In flooded paddy, lesser CO2 emission during tillering stage and reached maximum at flowering stage, then decline towards maturity. Growing paddy under drip irrigation saved 31.8% water in ADT 45 variety and 28.2% in hybrid CORH 3 as compared to transplanted paddy. Hybrid CORH 3 registered 45.4% higher yield over ADT 45 under drip irrigation and 7.0% lesser yield than ADT 43 variety grown as conventional transplanted paddy.