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Air pollution impairs recovery and tissue remodeling in a murine model of acute lung injury

2020; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 10; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41598-020-72130-3

2045-2322

Natália de Souza Xavier Costa, Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior, Adair Aparecida dos Santos Alemany, Luciano Belotti, Alexandre Santos Schalch, Marcela Frota Cavalcante, Susan Pereira Ribeiro, Mariana Matera Veras, Esper G. Kallás, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva,

Infection Control and Ventilation

Abstract Evidence regarding the impact of air pollution on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is limited, and most studies focus on ARDS onset. Our study aimed to evaluate whether exposure to fine particulate matter interferes with lung recovery and remodeling in a murine model of acute lung injury. Forty-eight mice received nebulized LPS or the vehicle (controls). Blood, BALF, lungs and spleen were collected after 5 weeks of exposure to either PM 2.5 (PM and LPS + PM group) or filtered air (control and LPS5w groups). Inflammatory cells and cytokines were assessed in the blood, BALF, lungs and spleen. Stereological analyses and remodeling assessments were performed by histology. The LPS + PM group showed increased BALF leukocytes, characterized by increased macrophages, increased IL-1β and IL-6 levels, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Moreover, we also observed septal thickening, decreased alveolar air space total volume and, septa surface density. Finally, regarding tissue remodeling, we observed elastosis of the lung parenchyma, and unlike in the LPS5w group, we did not observe fibrosis in the LPS + PM group. In conclusion, the delayed inflammation resolution due to subchronic exposure to PM 2.5 could be influenced by low systemic and local lymphocyte counts, which lead to impaired lung injury recovery and tissue remodeling.