Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Problemas ético-jurídicos concernentes aos danos causados por robôs autónomos na saúde: algumas definições conceptuais

2020; FUNDAÇÃO OSWALDO CRUZ; Volume: 9; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.17566/ciads.v9i3.613

2358-1824

Ana Elisabete Ferreira,

Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations

Objective: this article presents two of the most prominent normative problems on damage caused by autonomous robots in healthcare: what is considered autonomy when referring to the action of a robot, and what is considered damage in the activity of an autonomous robot. The aim is to contribute to the philosophical speculative understanding of the concepts of damage and autonomy in the broad critical thought about robots. Methodology: from an analysis of the most relevant literature and a prior conceptual definition, we discussed and defined fundamental notions about the problem of ethical programming in an integrated (ethical and legal) manner. Results: damage and autonomy are concepts frequently and uncritically used in the literature. However, living with autonomous robots requires reflection that considers the ethical agency of robots as opposed to humans. We have identified three principles as essential in the search for a conceptual consensus: respect for the refusal to be treated by a robot; the protection of human freedom in the face of a robot; and the maintenance of the social bond. Conclusion: the ethical programming of autonomous robots, far from being an abstract utilitarian exercise, requires a transdisciplinary, ethical-legal consensus that allows different categories of damage and autonomy to be covered.