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Persistence of serum and saliva antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens in COVID-19 patients

2020; American Association for the Advancement of Science; Volume: 5; Issue: 52 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1126/sciimmunol.abe5511

2470-9468

Baweleta Isho, Kento T. Abe, Michelle Zuo, Alainna Jamal, Bhavisha Rathod, Jenny H. Wang, Zhijie Li, Gary Chao, Olga L. Rojas, Yeo Myong Bang, Annie Pu, Natasha Christie-Holmes, Christian Gervais, Derek F. Ceccarelli, Payman Samavarchi‐Tehrani, Furkan Guvenc, Patrick Budylowski, Angel Li, Aimee Paterson, Feng Yun Yue, Lina María Marín, Lauren Caldwell, Jeffrey L. Wrana, Karen Colwill, Frank Sicheri, Samira Mubareka, Scott D. Gray‐Owen, Steven J. Drews, Walter L. Siqueira, Miriam Barrios‐Rodiles, Mario Ostrowski, James M. Rini, Yves Durocher, Allison McGeer, Jennifer L. Gommerman, Anne‐Claude Gingras,

Dermatological and COVID-19 studies

While the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively studied in blood, relatively little is known about the antibody response in saliva and its relationship to systemic antibody levels. Here, we profiled by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) IgG, IgA and IgM responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (full length trimer) and its receptor-binding domain (RBD) in serum and saliva of acute and convalescent patients with laboratory-diagnosed COVID-19 ranging from 3-115 days post-symptom onset (PSO), compared to negative controls. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were readily detected in serum and saliva, with peak IgG levels attained by 16-30 days PSO. Longitudinal analysis revealed that anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgM antibodies rapidly decayed, while IgG antibodies remained relatively stable up to 105 days PSO in both biofluids. Lastly, IgG, IgM and to a lesser extent IgA responses to spike and RBD in the serum positively correlated with matched saliva samples. This study confirms that serum and saliva IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are maintained in the majority of COVID-19 patients for at least 3 months PSO. IgG responses in saliva may serve as a surrogate measure of systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 based on their correlation with serum IgG responses.