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Iodine status of Turkish pregnant women and their offspring: A national cross-sectional survey

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 63; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126664

1878-3252

Mehmet Vural, Esin Koç, Olcay Evliyaoğlu, Hazal Cansu Acar, Fatih Aydın, Canan Küçükgergin, Gözde Apaydın, Ethem Erginöz, Xanim Babazade, Sabina Sharifova, Yıldız Perk, Mehmet Satar, Selim Büyükkurt, Hüseyin Şimşek, Cemre Eroğlu, Selçuk Yetkinel, Belma Saygılı Karagöl, Kazım Emre Karaşahin, Ö. Çelik, Mehmet Sinan Beksaç, Atakan Tanaçan, Ayşe Ecevit, Ali Ulaş Tuğcu, Feride Söylemez, Emel Okulu, Esra Önal, Nihal Oygür, Selahattin Kumru, Münevver Türkmen, O.D. Turan, Mehmet Nevzat Çizmeci, İpek Güney Varal, Peli̇n Doğan, Engin Korkmazer, Sema Arayıcı, Hasan Çetin, Ceren Çıralı, Öner Özdemır, Sabahattin Ertuğrul, İlyas Yolbaş, Fatih Mehmet Fındık, Betül Acunaş, G.F. Varol, Eren Taskin, Murat Aydın, Ali Turhan Çağlar, Kadir Şerafettin Tekgündüz, Mustafa Kara, Neslihan Tekın, Melih Velipaşaoğlu, Yusuf Ünal Sarıkabadayı, Aysel Abbasoğlu, Derya Başar, Chen El, Kenan Dolapçıoğlu, Hasan Çetin, A.H. Turhan, Güldeniz Aksan Desteli, Sinan Uslu, Arzu Koç Bebek, Sevilay Topçuoğlu, Meliha Aksoy Okan, Mustafa Eroğlu, Tuğba Erener Ercan, Ayhan Çelik, Fatma Narter, Seda Sancak, Murat Çetinkaya, Kerem Doğa Seçkin, Tuğba Gürsoy, Emir Çelik, Asuman Çoban, Eren Aygun, Burak Bayraktar, P.B. Kilicoglu Dane, Sabiha BOZDAĞ, Ferit Durankuş, Hülya Özdemir, Mehmet Güçlü, Şahin Hamilçıkan, Evrim Ebru Kovalak, S. Gündoğdu, E. Ciler Erden, Aslan Yılmaz, Nazmi Ataoğlu, Emel Ataoğlu, Demet Oğuz, Mehmet Yekta Öncel, Muhammad Arslan, Melek Akar, Özgür Olukman, İrfan Özer, Çetin Aydın, Ahmet Öztürk, Mustafa Ünal, S.E. Ozudogru, Didem Aliefendioğlu, Nilüfer Güzoğlu, Ayşe Engin Arısoy, Yasemin Senel, Hüseyin Altunhan, Fergün Yılmaz, Murat Konak, Рамазан Оздемир, Hatice Turgut, İsmail Kürşat Gökçe, S. Faydali, Sema Tanrıverdi, Erdal Özer, Yalçın Çelik, Hüseyin Durukan, İbrahim Caner, G. Genc, Canan Aygün, M. Tosun, C. Yesilirmak, T. Erden, Yakup Aslan, Mehmet Fırat Mutlu, Turhan Aran, Shadia Abd el Kader, Mustafa Vakur Bor, İlknur Özkan, Neşe Gül Hilali, Handan Hakyemez Toptan, Şeyma Memur, S.Sos Retno Dewi Puspita Sari, Ceyda Aktolun Aydemir, Sadrettin Ekmen, Engin Yurtçu, Safiye Ağapınar Şahin, Mehmet Kenan Kanburoğlu, Beril Gürlek, Baran Oğuz, Özlem Bozkurt, Ebru Yücesoy, Tuğba Tunç,

Vitamin D Research Studies

This national cross-sectional survey aimed to assess the iodine status in pregnant women and their offspring, and also to demonstrate regional differences by measuring urinary iodine concentration (UIC). For each woman and her newborn a questionnaire was prepared with basic facts as age, parity number or birth weight and additional information regarding thyroid diseases, use of iodized salt in the household, extra iodine supplementation during pregnancy, education level and wage income. The target population represented 1444 pregnant women who gave birth between January 1 st, 2018 and 2019, and their offspring. Iodine deficiency for pregnant women and their offspring were defined as urine iodine level <150 μg/L and <100 μg/L, respectively. Results are given as median (25th–75th percentile). The median UIC in the group of pregnant woman was 94 (52–153) μg/L. Within the sample of 1444 pregnant women, UIC indicative of mild iodine deficiency (100−149 μg/L) was present in 21 % (n = 306), moderate deficiency (50−99 μg/L) in 30 % (n = 430), and severe deficiency (<50 μg/L) in 23 % (n = 337). This study showed a prevalence of 74 % of iodine deficiency in Turkish pregnant woman. The median UIC in the group of offspring was 96 (41−191) μg/L. Within the new-borns, UIC indicative of mild iodine deficiency (50−99 μg/L) was present in 22 % (n = 323), moderate deficiency (20−49 μg/L) in 15 % (n = 222), and severe deficiency (<20 μg/L) in 13 % (n = 192). This survey showed a prevalence of 51 % of iodine deficiency in Turkish new-borns. Pregnant women with lower socioeconomic and education level, lower access to household iodized salt, lower rates of exposure to povidone-iodine containing skin disinfectant, higher parity and higher iodine deficiency had higher rates of iodine deficiency in their offspring. Regional differences were observed both in mothers and their offspring concerning their iodine status. Our findings suggest that iodine deficiency is still an important public health problem in Turkey. More drastic measures should be taken to decrease these important iodine deficiencies, both in pregnant women and in their offspring.