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Controlling Rydberg atom excitations in dense background gases

2016; IOP Publishing; Volume: 49; Issue: 18 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1088/0953-4075/49/18/182001

1361-6455

Tara Cubel Liebisch, Michael Schlagmüller, Felix B. Engel, Huan Nguyen, Jonathan Balewski, G. Lochead, Fabian Böttcher, Karl Westphal, K. S. Kleinbach, Thomas E. Schmid, Anita Gaj, Robert Löw, Sebastian Hofferberth, Tilman Pfau, Jesús Pérez‐Ríos, Chris H. Greene,

Spectroscopy and Laser Applications

We discuss the density shift and broadening of Rydberg spectra measured in cold, dense atom clouds in the context of Rydberg atom spectroscopy done at room temperature, dating back to the experiments of Amaldi and Segrè in 1934.We discuss the theory first developed in 1934 by Fermi to model the meanfield density shift and subsequent developments of the theoretical understanding since then.In particular, we present a model whereby the density shift is calculated using a microscopic model in which the configurations of the perturber atoms within the Rydberg orbit are considered.We present spectroscopic measurements of a Rydberg atom, taken in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and thermal clouds with densities varying from 5×10 14 cm -3 to 9×10 12 cm -3 .The density shift measured via the spectrum's center of gravity is compared with the mean-field energy shift expected for the effective atom cloud density determined via a time of flight image.Lastly, we present calculations and data demonstrating the ability of localizing the Rydberg excitation via the density shift within a particular density shell for high principal quantum numbers.