First Report of Dickeya dianthicola Causing Blackleg on New Guinea Impatiens ( Impatiens hawkeri ) in New York State, U.S.A.
2020; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 105; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-09-20-2020-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresYingyu Liu, Sakshi Vasiu, Margery Daughtrey, Melanie J. Filiatrault,
Tópico(s)Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 4First Report of Dickeya dianthicola Causing Blackleg on New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri) in New York State, U.S.A. PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Dickeya dianthicola Causing Blackleg on New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri) in New York State, U.S.A.Yingyu Liu, Sakshi Vasiu, Margery Daughtrey, and Melanie J. FiliatraultYingyu Liuhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1966-4910School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, Sakshi VasiuSchool of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, Margery DaughtreySchool of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY 11901, and Melanie J. Filiatrault†Corresponding author: M. J. Filiatrault; E-mail Address: melanie.filiatrault@usda.govhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-9097School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ithaca, NY 14853 AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Yingyu Liu1 Sakshi Vasiu1 Margery Daughtrey1 2 Melanie J. Filiatrault1 3 † 1School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 2Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY 11901 3Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ithaca, NY 14853 Published Online:21 Mar 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-20-2020-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFPDF Plus ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleNew Guinea impatiens (NGI), Impatiens hawkeri, has a $54 million wholesale market value in the United States (National Agricultural Statistics Service 2019) and is highly resistant to impatiens downy mildew (Plasmopara destructor) according to growers' experience. In March 2019, NGI cultivar Petticoat White in a New York greenhouse showed wilting, black stem streaks, and vascular discoloration, with a 20% disease incidence. Symptomatic tissue pieces were added to sterile water in a test tube and streaks made on potato dextrose agar (PDA). After incubation at 26°C for 2 days, the most abundant colony type (mucoid, pale yellow) was transferred to PDA. One representative colony was selected and labeled as isolate 67-19. A single colony of isolate 67-19 was transferred to lysogeny broth (Bertani 1951) and cultured at 28°C. Genomic DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed using the 16S rRNA gene universal primers fD2 and rP1, resulting in a partial 16S rRNA amplicon (Weisburg et al. 1991). BLASTn analysis showed 99% identity with sequences of species belonging to Dickeya. Different primer sets have been developed to detect and identify the genus Dickeya and its various species (Pritchard et al. 2013). The primer sets used for genus identification, dnaX (Sławiak et al. 2009), Df/Dr (Laurila et al. 2010), and ADE1/ADE2 (Nassar et al. 1996), resulted in 500-, 133-, and 420-bp amplicons, respectively. Results suggested the bacterium was a Dickeya sp. To determine whether the species could be Dickeya dianthicola causing blackleg on NGI (I. hawkeri), the specific primer set DIA-A was used (Pritchard et al. 2013), and the expected product of 150 bp was obtained. BLASTn results showed that the partial dnaX sequence (MT895847) of isolate 67-19 had 99% identity with the sequence of D. dianthicola strain RNS04.9 isolated in 2004 from potato (Solanum tuberosum) in France (GenBank CP017638.1). Therefore, isolate 67-19 was designated as D. dianthicola. The complete genome of D. dianthicola strain 67-19 was generated using Nanopore and Illumina sequencing (CP051429) (Liu et al. 2021). Average nucleotide identity determined by FastANI (version 1.1) (Jain et al. 2018) showed 97.43% identity between the genome of D. dianthicola strain 67-19 and that of D. dianthicola strain NCPPB 453 (GCA_000365305.1), isolated in 1957 from carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) in the United Kingdom. The pathogenicity of D. dianthicola strain 67-19 was shown on NGI cultivars Petticoat White and Tamarinda White. In July 2020, sterile toothpicks were used to make wounds and to transfer bacteria from a 48-h PDA culture of D. dianthicola strain 67-19 to the stems of four plants of each cultivar. Four plants of each cultivar were mock inoculated similarly, and all wound sites were wrapped with Parafilm before placing plants on a greenhouse bench. Ten days later, stems inoculated with D. dianthicola strain 67-19 showed necrotic lesions similar to the original symptoms, whereas control plants did not show symptoms. One month after inoculation, bacteria were reisolated from all symptomatic stems. PCR was performed on the reisolated bacteria as described. The dnaX sequence (MT895847) was confirmed to match that of D. dianthicola strain 67-19 (CP051429) 100%, and fragments of the expected size were amplified (Liu et al. 2021). Stab inoculations of strain 67-19 into potato stems and tubers also resulted in blackleg and soft rot symptoms at the sites of inoculation, whereas mock-inoculated stem and tuber showed no symptoms. The sequence of the dnaX gene of the reisolated bacterium from inoculated potatoes was confirmed to match that of D. dianthicola strain 67-19. To our knowledge, this is the first report of blackleg of NGI caused by D. dianthicola in the United States and worldwide. Because the disease caused by D. dianthicola poses a significant threat to the ornamentals and potato industries (Charkowski et al. 2020), further research on genome biology, epidemiology, and management options is needed.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Bertani, G. 1951. J. Bacteriol. 62:293. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.62.3.293-300.1951 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarCharkowski, A., et al. 2020. Page 351 in: The Potato Crop: Its Agricultural, Nutritional and Social Contribution to Humankind. 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Plant Pathol. 125:245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-009-9479-2 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWeisburg, W. G., et al. 1991. J. Bacteriol. 173:697. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.173.2.697-703.1991 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: This project was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) project 8062-21000-042-00 and the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 4 April 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionLeaf symptom of field-grown 'Hayward' kiwifruit plant infected with Actinidia virus (L. Zhao et al.). Photo credit: L. Zhao. Leaf spot of Italian ryegrass naturally infected by Alternaria alternata (X. K. Wei et al.). Photo credit: L. H. Xue. Leaf of Ficus carica displaying symptoms of fig mosaic disease (S. Preising et al.). Photo credit: W. L. da Silva. Metrics Downloaded 1,019 times Article History Issue Date: 21 Apr 2021Published: 21 Mar 2021First Look: 17 Nov 2020Accepted: 13 Nov 2020 Pages: 1192-1192 InformationThis article is in the public domain and not copyrightable. It may be freely reprinted with customary crediting of the source. The American Phytopathological Society, 2021.FundingAgricultural Research ServiceGrant/Award Number: project 8062-21000-042-00Grant/Award Number: USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research InitiativeKeywordsprokaryotesornamentalsherbaceous/flowering plantsDickeyaThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited ByGenome-Wide Identification of Genes Important for Growth of Dickeya dadantii and Dickeya dianthicola in Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Tubers25 January 2022 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 13
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