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Determination of reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations in HIV-1 infected children in Côte d’Ivoire

2020; NRC Research Press; Volume: 64; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1139/gen-2020-0112

1480-3321

Massara Camara-Cissé, Youzan Ferdinad Djohan, Thomas d’Aquin Toni, Jean-Jacques Renaud Dechi, Jean-Louis Philippe N’Din, Esmel Essis Lohoues, Absalome Monde, Leto Olivier Gogbe, Emmanuel Brou, Flore Fieni, Franck Adéoti Mansour, Roland Aby, Kouadio Kouakou, Henri Chenal,

HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions

Treatment scale-up is leading to a progressive increase in HIV resistance to antiretrovirals, especially in children. To assess resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) in HIV-1 infected children in Côte d’Ivoire, genotypic resistance tests were performed and interpreted using the ANRS algorithm ( www.hivfrenchresistance.org ). Phylogenetic trees were created using BioEdit v7 and Mega7 software. The frequency of resistance to at least one RTI was 79%. It was 88% for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), 71% for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and 63% for both classes (NRTI + NNRTI). The frequency of resistance was 50% for the ZDV + 3TC + EFV combination, 42% for the ABC + 3TC + EFV combination, and 8% for the TDF + 3TC + EFV combination. Frequently encountered resistance mutations were for NRTIs: M184V (88%), TAMs (67%), T215F/I/V/Y (33%), and L74I/V (24%); for NNRTIs: K103N/S (74%), P225H (26%), and G190A/E/Q (24%). The synthesis of phylogenetic analyses showed the predominance of the viral subtype CRF02_AG (85%). These results show a high prevalence of resistance to RTIs in children infected with HIV-1. Hence the interest of a more accessible monitoring of viral load and genotypic resistance tests in HIV-1 infected children undergoing treatment in Côte d’Ivoire.