First Report of Southern Blight of Manglietia decidua Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in China
2020; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 105; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-10-20-2194-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresRun Hua Yi, Gui Gen Long, Ke Yang Li, Xiao Yang Wang, Yan Huang, Dong Li,
Tópico(s)Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 4First Report of Southern Blight of Manglietia decidua Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Southern Blight of Manglietia decidua Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in ChinaRun Hua Yi, Gui Gen Long, Ke Yang Li, Xiao Yang Wang, Yan Huang, and Dong LiRun Hua Yihttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-7102College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China, Gui Gen LongYichun Forestry Research Institute, Yichun, Jiangxi, 360902, China, Ke Yang LiCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China, Xiao Yang WangCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China, Yan HuangCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China, and Dong Li†Corresponding author: D. Li; E-mail Address: jxld2008@163.comCollege of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, ChinaKey Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration in Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Run Hua Yi1 Gui Gen Long2 Ke Yang Li1 Xiao Yang Wang1 Yan Huang1 Dong Li3 4 † 1College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China 2Yichun Forestry Research Institute, Yichun, Jiangxi, 360902, China 3College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China 4Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration in Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China Published Online:23 Mar 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2194-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFPDF Plus ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleManglietia decidua, named "Hua manglietia", belonging to the Magnoliaceae family, is one of the most important ornamental plants in China. In 2019 and 2020, an unknown disease caused 3- to 12-month plants of M. decidua to wither and die in the field in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province (21°9′3″N; 110°17′47″E). Initially, the infected plants showed leaf dehydration, chlorosis, and wilting with water-soaked lesions on stems at ground level. About 7 days later, the plants completely wilted, collapsed, and died. Delayed and stunted growth with wilting of foliage continued through the whole year. A dense white mycelial mat and small white-to-brown spherical sclerotia were observed on the surface of the stalk lesion when weather conditions were warm and humid. Approximately 10% of plants were infected. Especially from July to October 2020, up to 30% of about 500 plants were infected and died. To identify the causal agents of the disease, infected tissue and sclerotia were collected, surface disinfected in 75% alcohol for 30 s and 30% hydrogen peroxide solution for 5 min, and washed with sterile water for 1 min. The surface-disinfected tissue and sclerotia were put on potato dextrose agar containing ampicillin (50 mg/liter) and kept in an incubator at 25°C in the dark. Fast-growing fungal colonies with white mycelium and numerous sclerotia developed in the plates after 6 to 8 days of incubation. The hyphae were septate, hyaline, and typically formed a clamp connection after 10 days of growth. Sclerotia were initially white and became tan to dark brown over time and 1.0 to 3.0 mm (2.13 mm on average, n = 124) in diameter at maturity. For molecular identification, the ITS region was amplified using primer pair ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990). A 666-bp PCR product was sequenced (GenBank accession no. MW093622) and shared above 99% sequence identity with some Athelia rolfsii isolates (GenBank accession nos. HQ895869, KX499470, and AB075290). Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii (teleomorph A. rolfsii) (Paul et al. 2017; Xu et al. 2010). Pathogenicity tests were conducted by inoculating 10 healthy 1-year-old M. decidua plants grown in pots. Five sclerotia and mycelial mat obtained from 15-day-old cultures were buried adjacent to the stem of each unwounded healthy plant. Noninoculated plants served as controls. After inoculation, the plants were maintained in a 25 to 28°C greenhouse and watered regularly to keep the soil moisture content at about 15%. Symptoms of southern blight were observed on all inoculated plants, which began to wilt 7 to 10 days after inoculation and died within 15 to 20 days. The control plants remained healthy. S. rolfsii was again isolated from the artificially inoculated plants but not from noninoculated plants. The pathogenicity test was repeated twice, and the results were the same. S. rolfsii has an extensive host range worldwide, and common host ornamental plants are Iris, Chrysanthemum, Cymbidium, Trifolium, Jasminum, Begonia, Stevia, and so on in China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of southern blight caused by S. rolfsii on M. decidua in China. M. decidua is a horticultural plant that belongs to the protected and endangered tree species. This finding is important to alert growers to realize the proper management of this disease during species protection and cultivar extension.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Paul, N. C., et al. 2017. Mycobiology 45:129. https://doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2017.45.3.129 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarXu, Z., et al. 2010. Mycologia 102:337. https://doi.org/10.3852/08-189 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: Funding was provided by Education and teaching reform project of Guangdong Ocean University (XJW-2017-94-9) and Jiangxi province forestry special fine seed base subsidy project (2019-2020).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 4 April 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionLeaf symptom of field-grown 'Hayward' kiwifruit plant infected with Actinidia virus (L. Zhao et al.). Photo credit: L. Zhao. Leaf spot of Italian ryegrass naturally infected by Alternaria alternata (X. K. Wei et al.). Photo credit: L. H. Xue. Leaf of Ficus carica displaying symptoms of fig mosaic disease (S. Preising et al.). Photo credit: W. L. da Silva. Metrics Downloaded 772 times Article History Issue Date: 21 Apr 2021Published: 23 Mar 2021First Look: 11 Dec 2020Accepted: 4 Dec 2020 Pages: 1217-1217 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingEducation and teaching reform project of Guangdong Ocean UniversityGrant/Award Number: XJW-2017-94-9Jiangxi province forestry special fine seed base subsidy projectGrant/Award Number: 2019-2020KeywordsManglietia deciduasouthern blightAthelia rolfsiiSclerotium rolfsiiThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF download
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