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Distinguishing Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment From HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

2020; Oxford University Press; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/infdis/jiaa760

1537-6613

Erin E. Sundermann, Mark W. Bondi, Laura M. Campbell, Ben Gouaux, Raeanne C. Moore, Virawudh Soontornniyomkij, David J. Moore,

Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Memory impairment occurs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), the precursor to Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods are needed to distinguish aMCI-associated from HAND-associated impairment in people with HIV (PWH). We developed a neuropsychological method of identifying aMCI in PWH and tested this by relating AD neuropathology (β-amyloid, phospho-Tau) to aMCI versus HAND classification.Seventy-four HIV-positive cases (aged 50-68 years) from the National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium had neurocognitive data within 1 year of death and data on β-amyloid and phospho-Tau pathology in frontal brain tissue. High aMCI risk was defined as impairment (<1.0 SD below normative mean) on 2 of 4 delayed recall or recognition outcomes from a verbal and nonverbal memory test (at least 1 recognition impairment required). Differences in β-amyloid and phospho-Tau by aMCI and HAND classification were examined.High aMCI risk was more common in HAND (69.0%) versus no HAND (37.5%) group. β-amyloid pathology was 4.75 times more likely in high versus low aMCI risk group. Phospho-Tau pathology did not differ between aMCI groups. Neither neuropathological feature differed by HAND status.Amnestic mild cognitive impairment criteria that include recognition impairment may help to detect AD-like cognitive/biomarker profiles among PWH.